Study On Te Mechanism And Technology Of Laser Deburring The Edge Of Machined Parts

At present,mechanical processing parts used in the market basically need to remove burrs,and the existing traditional deburring technology also has various disadvantages,such as low manual deburring efficiency,which is not suitable for large-scale operations;electrochemical deburring Parts that are easily corroded and can only remove metallic materials,thermal deburring can cause defects in parts.In response to these problems,under the guidance of combining "laser cutting" and "laser melting",this paper proposes a green and efficient laser shaping and deburring technology to solve the environmental protection and artificial pressure faced by deburring of machined parts.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Explore the mechanism of laser deburring technology at various stages.Establish the theoretical model of continuous laser cutting and melting machine parts edge burrs.Analyze the energy loss in the deburring process and the impact of various process parameters on the burr removal quality.(2)Design a deburring laser head structure,which can convert and focus the laser beam into two energy density gradient spots.And by calculating the energy required for cutting and melting burrs,the specific size and focal length of the lens are determined from the proportional relationship between the two.At the same time,use ZEMAX simulation software to perform optical path simulation verification on the designed depilation stimulating bald head,and determine the initial defocus range for the single-factor deburring test based on the effect of the light spot under different defocus planes;(3)According to the conversion principle of the spot area,the formula of the energy density of the spot ring and the spot after focusing is derived from the basic formula of the fundamental mode Gaussian beam energy density.The MATLAB software is used to analyze the spot energy distribution on the processing surface at different defocusing amounts to determine that the 800W laser is used in the subsequent test,and the defocusing range of the deburring single factor test is not greater than 2mm;(4)By conducting the deburring experiments on 6 series aluminum alloy edge burrs,the influences of laser power,scanning speed and defocus amount on the radius and roughness of the workpiece edges after deburring can be obtained.The best combination of process parameters is obtained by orthogonal test:laser power of 560W,scanning speed of 50mm/s,and defocus amount of 1mm.Equipped with a CCD vision system on the deburring,laser head the burr on the edge of the aluminum alloy workpiece is automatically removed.In addition,the burr removal test was performed on the edge of 304 stainless steel sheet to expand the diversity of materials that can remove the burr on the edge.The research results show that the laser deburring technology proposed in this subject can achieve efficient removal of edge burrs on machined parts.Compared with the traditional deburring technology and the existing laser deburring technology,it can improve efficiency processing accuracy,and reduce costs.And it's proved that this method has certain practicability and feasibility in practical production application.