Origin And Evolution Of OSCA Family In Plants

OSCA(Reduced Hyperosmolality-induced[Ca²⁺]_i increase channel)are hyperosmolarity-gated non-selective cation channels that permeates Calcium ions.OSCA family plays a key role in sensing exogenous and endogenous osmotic changes and regulating plant growth and development.Most of the current researches on the OSCA family focused on functions,but few on phylogenetic analysis.There were no further studies using a large number of samples in plants.A phylogenetic study of the OSCA family needed to be done to explore the origin,evolution and diversity of this family.This study could be not only helpful for us to know the phylogeny of OSCA family in plants,but also helpful for further study of its functions.In this study,we investigated the origin and evolution of OSCA family in 83species in plants that had completed genome sequencing.The results were as follows:?1?Distribution of OSCA Family in Plants:In this study,OSCA Family in 83 species were sampled in GenBank database by two-way BLAST method.The number of OSCA family in lower to higher plants showed an increasing trend in general.?2?Phylogenetic analysis of OSCA family:The tree of eight members of OSCA1 revealed that OSCA1s in angiosperms could be divided into four branches?OSCA1.2,OSCA1.5,OSCA1.7 and OSCA1.8?,and that OSCA1s was monophyletic in the whole higher plants.The tree of five members of OSCA2 showed that OSCA2s in angiosperms could be divided into three branches?OSCA2.1 and OSCA2.2,OSCA2.3 and OSCA2.4,OSCA2.5?,and that OSCA2s had only one most recent common ancestor in higher plants.OSCA3s were distributed in all angiosperms.OSCA 4s were distributed in all eukaryotes.There were gene duplication events occurred in all 15 members of OSCA family.?3?Functional prediction of OSCA family:All 15 members of OSCA in Arabidopsis thaliana contained three conservative domains,namely RSN1_TM,PHM7_cyt and RSN1₇TM,which might participate in late exocytosis associated with Golgi transport,and play an important role ion transport.They were hydrophobic proteins,which were consistent with the predictions of TMHMM.There might be many protein-protein interactions between OSCAs and other proteins,which could be involved in various life activities.