Absorption Compensation With Spatial Constraint And Its Software Implementation

Amplitude attenuation and phase dispersion caused by intrinsic inelasticity of subsurface media inevitably degrade the quality of seismic data.Inverse Q filtering or absorption compensation is an important approach to mitigate these viscoelastic effects and enhance the seismic resolution.Inversion-based inverse Q filtering,which treats the inverse Q filtering as an inversion problem,is a relatively popular compensation algorithm in recent years.This kind of compensation method uses the trace-by-trace inversion strategy,and the regularization term only includes the constraint of the seismic signal in the time direction but neglects the constraint in the lateral direction.This will lead to the high-frequency noise amplification and reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of the compensation result.Therefore,this paper proposes a multi-trace absorption compensation method based on the lateral constraint of the reflective structure.We mathematically express the characteristics of the seismic reflection structure and incorporate it as a lateral constraint into the multi-trace absorption compensation algorithm,which improves the stability of the compensation algorithm and suppresses the amplification of high-frequency noise.The proposed method is a multi-trace inversion algorithm,thus the computation efficiency is relatively low.To improve the efficiency,we optimize the algorithm in many ways.And we complete its software implementation.Experimental analysis of the synthetic data and the real data shows that the proposed multi-trace compensation method is more stable and robust to high-frequency noise than the single-trace compensation method,and can effectively improve the seismic data resolution.The dynamic characteristics of seismic reflection are better restored.