Research And Design On Polar Sea Ice Melting Monitoring System

With humans' continuous exploration of the North and South Poles,people have conducted research in various fields in the North and South Poles,while sea ice has occupied a large proportion.Sea ice is an important part of the climate system and it is called the indicator of climate change because of its sensitivity to climate change.In recent decades,the scope and thickness of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean have been rapidly decreasing.Monitoring the Arctic and Antarctic sea ice is conducive to raising our awareness of the gas-ice-sea interaction mechanism and is of great significance for the study of world climate.At present,as one of the basic parameters of sea ice melting,on-site data of ice thickness is an unsolved problem because the monitoring process is discontinuous and the accuracy is below the order of millimeters,thereby covering up the subtle process of ice layer thickness variation.However,the lack of continuous,high-precision observation data of hydrological survey,mass balance of glaciers and polar sea ice in our country urgently needs to strengthen the monitoring of ice formation and improve the accuracy of data.Based on the research status and advantages and disadvantages of sea ice monitoring technology both at home and abroad,aiming at the problem of lateral thawing of sea ice,this thesis studies the design of the lateral melting remote sea ice based on underwater ultrasonic ranging and Iridium wireless data transmission Monitoring System.According to the needs of lateral thawing monitoring of ice,monitoring scheme was designed including underwater ultrasonic sensor,Iridium satellite wireless transmission module,successfully developed a sea ice lateral melting remote monitoring system to achieve long-term continuous remote monitoring of sea ice lateral melting data in unattended harsh environments.The designed monitoring system uses the underwater ultrasonic sensor array to monitor the lateral melting process of sea ice.The limiting average filtering algorithm was used to filter the data and the benchmarking method was used to further reduce the error and improve the measurement accuracy.Then the correspondingly numbered sensor data and time information was stored in a large-capacity SD card.At the same time the real-time data are sent back to the remote terminal,with good economy,real-time,high accuracy,unattended and so on.The designed monitoring system has been carried out at room temperature underwater test,low temperature laboratory tests,as well as field freezing lake environment under low temperature experiments.The results show that the sea ice lateral melting monitoring system has more reliable stability,accuracy and larger storage of data and low packet loss rate in real-time transmission.It provides an automatic monitoring scheme and data support for studying the lateral thawing process of sea ice,which provides a new technical means for the further monitoring of sea ice melting in the Arctic expedition.