Study On The North-South Asymmetry Of Sun Activity Based On Sunspots

Solar activity directly affects the Earth's space and human activities,not only in the interplanetary satellite life,but also in the Earth's atmospheric activities and geomagnetic activity.Space weather involves a variety of environments,such as the sun,the interplanetary space,the Earth's magnetic field,and so on.Activities in a single space can affect the Earth's space weather,especially solar wind,solar flares,coronal mass ejections(CME),and high-energy particles.The solar generator model can simulate a portion of solar activity.There are three main generator models: the average field model,the Babcock-Leighton model,and the flux transport generator model.An important theory in the generator model is that small-scale asymmetrical magnetic structures produce collective effects that generate magnetic fields against dissipation.In this paper,the asymmetry of the distribution of the north and south hemispheres is prevalent around the solar activity.The model of flux transport is used to study the asymmetry of the overall solar activity distribution from the two aspects of sunspot and polar magnetic field.Sunspots are important indicators of solar activity,and solar activity can be effectively studied by using sunspots as entry points.In this paper,the definition of conventional asymmetry is used to verify the existence of asymmetry between the north and south hemispheres of solar activity,and the influence of small-scale asymmetric magnetic structure on the distribution of sunspots in the generator model is simulated.The influence of the magnetic field on the distribution of sunspots,using the direct and relative asymmetry of the two sunspots and the magnetic field of the polar region,found the modulation of the polar region's magnetic field on the sunspot position,and calculated the direct asymmetry of the sunspot north and south hemispheres.Correlation coefficient with the magnetic field of the solar pole,and the first 9 months of transport time from the distribution of sunspots;this paper considers that the 9-month time delay is the mechanism of the meridional transport mechanism in the engine model.Combined with the simulation results,it is verified that the meridional flow is the collective effect of the small-scale asymmetric magnetic structure;the polar region magnetic field modulates the position distribution of the sunspot through the meridional flow.The conclusion gives the physical meaning of the meridional flow ?In addition,other factors that produce asymmetry in solar activity are analyzed.