Effects Of Biochar On Moss Crust And Soil

Under the global changes,the surface environment of desert ecosystems has deteriorated drastically.As an important part of the desert ecosystem,moss crust plays an extremely important role in resisting soil water erosion and accelerating nutrient cycling.Biochar as a soil amendment can increase soil water holding capacity and nutrient use efficiency.Therefore,the application of biochar to moss crust is of great significance for the restoration of desert ecosystems.In this study,the mossy crusts and the soils covered by the southern margin of the Gurbantunggut Desert were studied.The two methods of addition?1-the biochar were evenly sprinkled on the surface of the crust,2-the organism?The carbon and the soil under the skin were uniformly mixed.The CK,T1,T2 and T3 gradients of Artemisia sphaeroides and rice husk biochar were added to explore the response of mossy crust to biochar addition.The results are as follows:?1?With the addition of rice husk Biocharcoal and Artemisia deserticola biocharcoal,the moisture content of moss crust and soil increased with the increase of the addition amount,and showed the same trend with the growth season.The moisture content of moss crust was higher than that of soil.In the first way,the water-holding capacity of moss crust with Artemisia sphaerocephala biochar was better than that with rice husk biochar.The second way is adding Artemisia sphaerocephala biocharcoal,which has higher soil water content.?2?With the addition of biochar,the C,N and P contents of bryophyte crust were significantly different from those of the control,and increased with the increase of biochar addition.The content of C,N and P in the crust of Artemisia sphaerocephala was higher than that of rice husk biochar in the first way,but there was no significant difference in the second way.The contents of C,N and P in the crusts of two kinds of Biocharcoal bryophytes were6.4-76.8g/kg,0.04-0.36g/kg and 0.23-0.99g/kg,respectively.C:N,C:P and N:P were61.9-526.0,22.4-138.5 and 0.11-0.92,respectively,indicating that the growth of moss crusts would be stimulated by biochar when the dosage increased.?3?When rice husk biochar and Artemisia deserticola biochar were added,the total C content of soil increased with the gradient of biochar addition,and the difference was significant;when two kinds of biochar were added in the second way,the C content of soil was higher than that in the first way,and the difference was significant.With the addition of biochar,soil N content increased with the gradient of biochar addition,showing a"V"trend with the month,and peaked in June and October.Adding different gradient content of rice husk biochar,soil P content was higher than blank,but there was no significant difference between them.When rice husk biochar was added,the average C,N and P contents in soil were 12.4,0.87 and 0.37 g/kg in the whole growing season,and 12.1,0.88 and 0.39 g/kg in the whole growing season when Artemisia sphaerocephala biochar was added.?4?With the increase of biochar content,the contents of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N in the soil under the moss crust increased.Under the first mode of addition,the rates of soil ammoniation,nitrification and net mineralization decreased with the increase of the amount of addition.Under the second addition mode,the soil ammoniation and net mineralization rate increased with the increase of adding amount;the soil nitrification rate decreased with the increase of adding amount of rice husk biochar,and all of them were negative;the soil nitrification rate increased with the increase of adding amount of Artemisia sphaerocephala biochar,except the blank was negative,the other additions were positive;the soil net mineralization rate increased with the increase of adding amount of rice husk biochar.First decrease and then increase.In the first way,adding Artemisia sphaerocephala Biocharcoal could significantly inhibit the nitrification rate,while in the second way,adding Artemisia sphaerocephala Biocharcoal promoted soil nitrification.There was no significant difference in net mineralization rate between rice husk biochar and blank,and there was significant difference between Artemisia deserticola biochar and blank under different dosage,but there was no significant difference among the three.?5?There are linear and quadratic non-linear correlations between C,N,P and soil C,N and P.After adding biochar,the relationship between C content in moss crust and C content in soil was linear and quadratic,and the relationship between C content and N content in soil was linear and quadratic.The relationship between C content in moss crust and P content in soil was changed from non-linear to linear by adding different amounts of biochar.Suitable use of biochar could significantly correlate crust N content with soil N content.In the first way,rice husk Biocharcoal and Artemisia deserticola Biocharcoal were added.The order of soil factors affecting C,N and P content of moss crust was ammonium nitrogen content,water content,total N,total C,total P,conductivity and soil ammonium nitrogen content,water content,C:P,total N,N:P,conductivity.The second way is adding two kinds of biochar.The order of importance of soil factors affecting C,N and P content of bryophyte crust is total C,C:P,total N,N:P,water content,ammonium nitrogen content and total N,total C,total P,water content and N:P,respectively.