| What is the composition of matter?Human research on this issue has never stopped.From the indivisibility of atoms in Democritus to John Dalton's modern atomism in 1803 to Joseph John Thomson's discovery of electrons and the famous nuclear model proposed by Ernest Rutherford,a later British physicist,through the particle scattering experiment and later,protons,neutrons,strange particles and so on have been discovered.By dis-covering these particles and studying the interaction between them,people began to build some theoretical models to describe them,of which the most successful model is the Stan-dard Model(SM).In order to study the interaction and properties of various particles in the standard model,since the 1960s,human beings have built a series of huge scientific instruments,such as Alternating Gradient Synchrotron(AGS),Super Proton Synchrotron(SPS),Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider(RHIC)and the Large Hadron Collider(LHC).The LHC is the largest particle accelerator with the highest collision energy in the world.There are four large-scale high energy physics experiments at the LHC.Among them,A Large Ion Collider Experiment(ALICE)has been constructed to study the properties of Quark-gluon Plasma(QGP),a new form of matter produced in relativistic heavy nucleus-nucleus interaction.Quark-gluon plasma is believed to exist in the early universe.Therefore,its research is of great significance for us to understand the origin of the universe.At present,ALICE detectors have a remarkable ability in identifying charged parti-cles and their tracks in a wide transverse momentum range.However,for some physical measurements of low transverse momentum,it is difficult to extract signals from large number background because of the low spatial resolution and slow readout of the detec-tors themselves.Further studies of heavy flavor physics,quarkonium,low-mass leptons,and jets require upgrades of the detectors.Therefore,the ALICE Collaboration plans to upgrade the current detectors to improve the efficiency of reconstruction for vertices of the low transverse momentum and the tracks.as well as to enhance the readout speed of the detectors to collect more data.The upgrade mainly includes the new inner tracking system detector(ITS),new readout chamber for the time projection chamber(TPC),read-out electronics for transition radiation detector(TRD)?time of flight detector(TOF)and photon spectrometer(PHOS),and online and offline system.This thesis describes in detail the upgrade of ALICE ITS and testing and construct-ing the detector module,then thesis also describes the cosmic ray test based on thThe first chapter mainly introduces the development history and current situation of silicon detec-tors.Chapter 2 mainly describes the structure of ALICE ITS upgrade,mainly introduces the new silicon pixel chip used,including its performance and electronics test.In the third chapter,we mainly introduce the assembly and testing of the silicon pixel detector,the framework and steps of assembly,electronic testing,and pull testing.Some special instru-ments used will also be briefly introduced.Finally,the quality monitoring of the whole assembly test will be summarized and analyzed.Chapter 4 is about cosmic ray testing and analysis based on silicon pixel chip ALPIDE.Firstly,the chip is tested on a single board triggered by internal triggers,then the cosmic ray acquisition device is built,including hardware space design and readout software installation.Finally,the introduction of of-fline analysis framework and data analysis of cosmic rays are given.The last chapter is a summary ofthe research work in this thesis.This thesis describes the assembly and testing process of ALICE ITS silicon pixel detector module,which provides a reference for do-mestic research institutions to develop silicon pixel detector.Through the cosmic ray test based on ALPIDE,including position resolution and detection efficiency,the preliminary research for the later ALPIDE detector upgrade is carried out. |
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