| The suitable seed germination conditions and germination characteristics of 10 wild plant species of Berberis.L have been studied more comprehensively for the first time by indoor seed germination experiment.(1)In an intellectual artificial climate chamber,under conditions of darkness,70%humidity,and temperature change of 10 ?/25 ? and 20 ?/25 ?,the seed germination percentages were 88%and 76%for B.taliensis,82%and 90%for B.sanguinea,respectively.The germination percentages of B.verruculosa and B.replicata were 58%and 89%,respectively,under the temperature of 25 ?.(2)Between seeds preserved at room temperature and seeds stored at fridge,there were no significant differences in seed germination percentages of four species,B.dictyophylla(t=-0.686,P=0.542),B.sublevis(t=1.118,P=0.326),B.phanera(t=-1.039,P=0.403)and B.sanguinea(t=1.941,P=0.124).(3)The seed germination on sand bed was best for B.sublevis,B.replicate,B.sanguinea and B.verruculosa,and their germination percentages were(91.33±1.16)%,(96.00±2.00)%,(96.00±2.00)%and(92.00±4.00)%respectively.(4)On the whole,days to first germination of seeds of 10 species of Berberis were 7-16 d,with average of 11.10±3.35 d;the germination durations were 17-58 d,with average of 36.10±14.57 d;germination percentages were 39.00%-100.00%,with average of(81.70±18.28)%.The research results optimized the seed germination technology,and provided a simple and practically feasible method to raise seedlings from seeds of wild plants of Berberis.The effects of different proportionings of seedling substrates on the growth indexes of seedlings of 6 species of Berberis were studied for the first time.The results showed that:(1)Seedling substrates with the proportioning of peat,vermiculite and perlite of 6:3:1 were suitable for the growth of seedlings of B.taliensis;(2)Seedling substrates with the proportioning of peat,vermiculite and perlite of 3:6:1 were suitable for the growth of seedlings of B.sanguinea and B.verruculosa;(3)Seedling substrates with the proportioning of peat,vermiculite and perlite of 4.5:4.5:1 were suitable for the growth of seedlings of B.sublevis,B.replicata and B.phanera.The cultivation and management technologies of seedlings of Berberis by container nursery were studied for the first time.(1)When sowing the seeds,the cover soil thickness was preferably 0.5-1 cm.(2)Kept the soil moist during the period when seedlings emergenced.When the seedlings grew,the amount of water should not be too high,otherwise it would lead to the rot of roots.(3)Some leaves would become dry and yellow as a result of intensive summer sunshine,so some shade measures should be taken.(4)When seedlings in the container produced 3 to 4 leaves,they could be transplanted to the nursery.They grew well and the survival rate was high.(5)Plants of Berberis under the conditions of high air humidity were easily susceptible to powdery mildew.At the beginning of the disease,50%of carbendazim wettable powders,which were diluted about 800-1000 times,were spray on the foliage once a week.The morphology characteristics of the seedlings of 9 species of Berberis and their taxonomic significance were studied for the first time.Their leaf length was 0.3-5.3 cm,significantly different among species(df=8,F=86.685,P<0.05),with B.sublevis(3.16±1.06 cm)being the longest,while B.dictyophylla(0.91±0.29 cm)the shortest.Their leaf width was between 0.3-5 cm,significantly different among species(df=8,F=87.872,P<0.05),with B.sublevis(2.34± 0.72 cm)being the widest,while B.sanguinea(0.56±0.16 cm)the narrowest.The ratio of leaf length to width of seedlings of the 9 species of Berberis ranged from 0.6 to 2.89,significantly different among species(df=8,F=62.569,P<0.05),with B.liophylla(2.03 ± 0.37)being the highest,and B.sublvis(0.99 ± 0.16)the lowest.The density of spinescent teeth on leaf margin of the 9 species of Berberis was between 1.11/cm and 16.67/cm.There were significant differences among species(df=8,F=80.281,P<0.05),varying from the highest B.sanguinea(9.22 ± 2.55/cm)to the lowest B.verruculosa(3.92 ±1.33/cm). |
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