Evaluation On The Conversion And Utilization Effect Of Tenebrio Molitor On Four Kinds Of Organic Kitchen Waste

In this paper,chicken,fish,pork and Chinese cabbage were used as main raw materials,and wheat bran was added to prepare artificial feed for Tenebrio molitor,so as to establish Meat/Vegetable-Tenebrio molitor biological chain.Through the study of the transformation efficiency of Tenebrio molitor larvae on these four organic materials,the changes of the resource components of Tenebrio molitor and fecal sand in the meat-feeding materials and the diversity of the gut bacteria of Tenebrio molitor larvae were investigated.The main reasarch results are as follows:1.2017.6~2018.6.According to the survey of lunch wastes in three canteens in North Campus,meat and vegetable wastes accounted for 66.46% of the total wastes in the whole year;Among meat wastes in the whole year,pork accounted for 26.7%,chicken 26.82% and fish 18.04%.2.70% wheat bran: 30% meat;25% wheat bran: Tenebrio molitor larvae fed with 75% cabbage are superior to other treatment groups in food intake,biomass growth and feces excretion,which is the best feed formula.3.Study on the transformation efficiency of Tenebrio molitor to four organic materials.200 larvae of the 9th instar of Tenebrio molitor could treat 4.98g/d of Chinese cabbage formula feed,could be transformed into 1.00 g dried Tenebrio molitor and 1.75 g fecal sand;200 larvae of the 9th instar of Tenebrio molitor could treat 3.45g/d of pork formula feed,could be transformed into 0.97 g dried Tenebrio molitor and 2.07 g fecal sand;could treat 3.51g/d of chicken formula feed,could be transformed into 0.95 g dried Tenebrio molitor and 2.11 g fecal sand;could treat 3.51g/d of fish formula feed,could be transformed into 1.02 g dried Tenebrio molitor and 2.18 g fecal sand.4.The pupation time of Chinese cabbage group was the shortest,it was 39.75±0.85 d.The highest pupation rate was 95.25±0.72% of CK group,followed by 86.87 ±1.46% of Chinese cabbage group.The pupae length of cabbage group was 20.04±0.14 mm,it was the best.Control group had the lowest mortality rate of 4.75±0.72% on all treatment groups,followed by 13.12±1.46% of cabbage group.Pork group had the highest mortality rate of 27.62±1.62%.5.Component analysis of Tenebrio molitor larvae and fecal sand resources.The results: Among the worms fed with pork feed,the contents of crude protein,crude fat,crude fibre and ash were 52.6%,29.9%,4.6% and 3.5%;Mg 3.19×103mg/kg,Fe 277mg/kg,Cu 25mg/kg,Mn 155mg/kg,Zn 165mg/kg.There were 17 kinds of amino acids and 8 kinds of essential amino acids in larvae of two feed groups.EAA/NEAA ratio were 84.80% of pork group and 69.21% of CK group,respectively.Fecal sand analysis of Tenebrio molitor larvae feeding on four organic materials,cabbage group's p H value was 7.8,organic matter 43.56%,total nitrogen 2.85%,P 2.9%,K 0.89%;Chicken group's p H value was 6.5,organic matter 40.70%,total nitrogen 12.13%,P 3.98%,K 1.08%;Fish group's p H value was 6.8,organic matter 39.68%,total nitrogen 7.92%,P 4.65%,K 1.24%;Pork group's p H value was 6.4,organic matter 37.27%,total nitrogen 12.18%,P 4.02%,K 4.08%.6.Study on intestinal bacteria of Tenebrio molitor.There were 3 samples in chicken group,fish group,pork group and cabbage group respectively,a total of 12 samples.There were 5870 OTUs in total.The number of shared OTUs was 59.The number of OTUs of chicken group was 858,14 phylum,138 genus,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Tenericutes were dominant bacterial phyla.The number of OTUs of pork group was 1826,divided in to 20 phylum,217 genus,Firmicutes,Tenericutes,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes were dominant bacterial phyla.The number of OTUs of fish group was 2315,divided into 26 phylum,303 genus,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Tenericutes were dominant bacterial phyla.The number of OTUs of cabbage group was 871,divided into 18 phylum,177 genus,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,Tenericutes were dominant bacterial phyla.