Effects Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fiungi On Wheat Leaf Protein Group Under Salt Stress

Soil salinization is an urgent problem to be solved at present,causing major losses to irrigated agriculture.The growth and development of grain crops(wheat)is affected,while the yield is decreasing in salinized soil.In order to maintain the growth of grain production,it is necessary to adapt to the salted soil in the world.But most plants do not succeed in improving plant tolerance to salinity during breeding,which is due to the multi component properties of salt stress tolerance.Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AMF)is a kind of fungus that coexists with plants and promotes each other.So we can consider inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)in salinized soi.Its advantage is that it can be used widely,sustainable and repeatability.This can reduce the negative effects of salt stress on crops,in addition to promoting and improving the growth and development of plants.Wheat is an important cereal crop that can solve the problem-human hunger in the world.It is an important way to ensure food safety by inoculating mycorrhiza under saline to increasing productivity.The fact that AMF responds to specific proteome under salt stress will help clarify how mycorrhiza can induce plant growth,nutrient absorption and stress tolerance.In this study,Plant wheat was used as experimental material.First,the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were inoculated with different concentrations of salt,and then the morphological,physiological and biochemical indexes of wheat seedlings were determined.Based on these indicators,the salt concentration was preliminarily determined.Then the application of two-dimensional electrophoresis,mass spectrometry and bioinformatics,and compare analysis that differentially expressed proteins in leaves of wheat with inoculation arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and without AMF at the same salt concentration.The biological functions of the differential proteins represented by up or down were analyzed,and the results showed that:(1)Under the single factor salt concentration,compared with the CK group,the leaves of the S group became yellow,the dry weight and the fresh weight of the leaves decreased,and the content of chlorophyll,SOD,POD and CAT decreased with the increase of salt concentration.It indicates that wheat inoculated with mycorrhiza is better than the wheat without inoculated mycorrhiza at the same salt concentration.But double factors(salt stress after inoculation),the values of these indexes in group S+T and S+M increased with the increase of salinity,and higher than the corresponding values of single factor salt stress(S).This fully shows that inoculation of mycorrhiza can alleviate the damage caused by salt stress to plants.(2)Compare the expression of differentially expressed proteins in leaves of wheat with AMF and without AMF under the same salt stress.12 proteins were identified successfully.These proteins are divided into four categories.ClassI: Protein associated with photosynthesis,Including Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit,Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain,Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain.ClassII: Glycometabolism related proteins,Including Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase.ClassIII: Proteins associated with respiratory energy metabolism,Including ATP synthase subunit and chloroplastic.ClassIV: Uncharacterized protein.Salt stress may slow down the growth rate of plants by inhibiting energy synthesis and photosynthesis.At the same time,inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can resist and repair injury by enhancing respiratory energy metabolism or photosynthesis related enzyme proteins.The detection of these proteins provides potential for revealing how the plants inoculated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can alleviate the injury caused by salt stress.