Design And Cryptanalysis Of Multi-party Quantum Cryptography Protocol Based On D-level Single Particles

Most of the classical cryptosystems are based on computational complexity assumption s.With the rapid development of supercomputers,the computational complexity problem is gradually being overcome.The introduction of quantum parallel algorithms and the gradual realization of quantum computers make the classical cryptosystem which is based on computational complexity assumptions even more precarious.The introduction of quantum cryptography contribute to the progress of the development of cryptography.The security of quantum cryptography is guaranteed by the basic principles of quantum mechanics,and has nothing to do with computing power.The strong computing power cannot break the perfect quantum cryptographic protocol.Multi-party quantum cryptography protocol is an important part of quantum cryptography and is mainly used to achieve secure communication between multiple participants.Quantum secret sharing and secure multi-party quantum summation are important subsets of multi-party quantum cryptography.The main research content of this thesis is quantum secret sharing and secure multi-party quantum summation based on d-level single-particle.This thesis mainly studies the following two directions:(1)The security of Tavakoli et al.'s quantum secret sharing protocol is analyzed and improved.The multi-party quantum secret sharing protocol proposed by Tavakoli et al.is not safe.If the last participant in the protocol is dishonest,he will be able to execute the participant's attack and publish fake information without being discovered.Then,he can steal all the information from the information distributor.In order to fix this loophole,an improvement has been proposed.In addition,the efficiency of the protocol is only l/d.Another improvement has been proposed that increase the efficiency of the protocol to 1.The efficiency of the improved protocol can be increased to 1 while ensuring the security of the protocol.(2)Two secure multi-party quantum summation protocols are proposed.At first,based on the d-level single particles,we proposed a secure multi-party quantum modulo d summation protocol.Compared to other secure multi-party quantum summation protocols,this protocol uses only single particles rather than entangled states,so this protocol is more practical and efficient.In addition,based on the Chinese remainder theorem,a secure multi-party quantum summation protocol without modulo d is proposed.Finally,the security of these two protocols are analyzed detailedly.The result shows that these two protocols are secure.