Quantum Secret Sharing Protocol Realizing All Quantum Access Structure

With the continuous development of quantum cryptography,various quan-tum cryptographic protocols have been proposed.The quantum secret sharing protocol is a quantum version of the secret sharing protocol.It requires the distributor to distribute a secret to multiple participants through quantum means,and only some of the predetermined participants can cooperate to re-cover the secret.The security of quantum secret sharing protocol is guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics.In addition,the research of quantum secret sharing protocol contributes to the key management in the process of quantum secure communication,so it has received more and more attention.Whether it is a classic secret sharing protocol or a quantum secret shar-ing protocol,a subset of participants set by the protocol that can recover the secret is called an authorized subset.In general,there are often more than one authorized subset,and people will make all authorized subsets.The subset family of participants is called a quantum access structure.A quantum secret sharing protocol to realize a certain type of quantum access structure means that a quantum secure sharing protocol can be constructed under the condition that the quantum access structure satisfies some certain conditions.The more quantum access,structures a quantum secret sharing protocol realizes,the more widely the applicable scenarios are.Therefore.the realize of quantum access structures has important research value and is one of the research themes of quantum secret sharing protocols.However,compared with the access struc-ture in the classic secret sharing protocol,the quantum access structure needs to satisfy the quantum non-cloning theorem.Therefore,it has more restric-tions and more research difficulties,so far,most of the literature has proposed Quantum secret sharing protocols can only realize quantum access structures that satisfy some special conditions.Quantum secret sharing protocols that can realize all quantum access structures are rare.In this thesis,the realization of all quantum access structures is studied.Firstly,a quantum secret.sharing protocol which can realize a kind of quan-tum access structure is constructed,and by means of this protocol,a quantum secret sharing protocol that can realize all quantum access structures is con-structed.Aiming at the realization of a special kind of quantum access structure,this thesis presents a quantum secret sharing protocol that can realize such a quantum access structure.The protocol is based on the generalized quantum secret sharing protocol,and its basic characteristics of the quantum access structure can be realized.The reason why it can not realize more types of quantum access structures is analyzed.More quantum access structures are realized by introducing a method of assisting secret quantum states to realize a more generalized quantum secret sharing protocol.For the realization of all quantum access structures,this paper presents a quantum secret sharing protocol thatcan realizes all quantum access struc-tures.Firstly,a decomposition of arbitrary quantum access structure is giv-en.Based on this decomposition method,a quantum secret sharing protocol based on quantum computing is combined with the quantum secret sharing protocol proposed above to realize a quantum access structure.A quantum secret sharing protocol that can realize all quantum access structures is con-structed.