Temporal And Spatial Characteristics And Driving Forces Of Vegetation Coverage In Typical Mining Areas In Shanxi Province

Coal is the foundation of China's industrial development and an important title force.Coal plays an irreplaceable role in the development of energy and social economy in China.Shanxi province has always been "coal" and "coal big province" reputation.The heavy mining of coal has caused considerable damage to the environment of Shanxi Province,especially the vegetation caused by coal mining.Vegetation is an important indicator of the ecosystem,and its changes are influenced by climate change and human economic activity.The study of vegetation coverage is of great significance to the reasons for the deterioration of the vegetation in the mining area and the deterioration of the mining area ecosystem,as well as the maintenance and restorationThis article takes the typical climate coal mining area in Shanxi Province as the research object.The study area were selected in the warm temperate and semi-arid climate of northern Shanxi province Pingshuo Antaibao Opencast Coal Mine Area,in the warm temperate and semi-arid climate of central and Western Shanxi Province Liulin well coal mining area and in the warm temperate and semi humid climate of southeastern Shanxi Province Jincheng River Basin in coal mine area as the research region.The three regions are all high-yielding coal areas in Shanxi Province.The increase in economic efficiency has also brought with them a series of environmental problems.This has constrained economic development and brought inconvenience to the lives of the local people.Therefore,through remote sensing and spatial correlation analysis,we obtained TM remote sensing images for 2001,2005,2010,2013,2014,2015 and 2016 for a total of seven years,using normalized vegetation indices and images.Based on the meta-division model,the temporal and spatial characteristics of the vegetation coverage of the ecological environment in the mining area were studied.At the same time,the spatial correlation between vegetation coverage and site rainfall,temperature,slope,aspect and coal mining process was analyzed.The main conclusions are as follows(1)The average vegetation 2010-2016 years three research area coverage for the Jincheng mining area is 0.49,Liulin Mining Area is 0.509 and Pinglu county is 0.52;Jincheng Mining Area vegetation coverage growth rate is 0.01,Liulin Mining Area of vegetation coverage growth rate is 0.008 and Pinglu Mining Area vegetation coverage growth rate is 0.001,the overall trend of this year's three areas of' vegetation coverage are increasing.The overall trend of vegetation coverage in the three mining areas has been increasing in recent years(2)In the river basin of relatively abundant rainfall,the influence of meteorological factors in different coverage and spatial variability are different contribution to vegetation coverage.The vegetation coverage and the annual average temperature showed significant correlation,and the correlation coefficient is 0.084,vegetation coverage and rainfall have no significant correlation,and the correlation coefficient was only 0.0002;The correlation coefficient of the annual mean temperature and coverage was 0.0924 in Liulin Mining Area of vegetation,and the correlation coefficient of annual rainfall is only 0.0005;the correlation coefficient of the annual mean temperature and coverage for-0.0102 Pinglu area vegetation,and the correlation coefficient of annual rainfall is only 0.0001(3)In Jincheng mining area,vegetation coverage was significantly affected by the slope and the greater the slope.The vegetation coverage was greater and the correlation coefficient was 0.40;the correlation coefficient and slope coverage was 0.02.The correlation coefficient between the vegetation coverage and the slope of the Liulin Mining Area is 0.02,and there is no significant correlation.The correlation coefficient between the vegetation coverage and the slope of the pinglu Mining Area is-0.016,there is no significant correlation also(4)In the mining pit,the vegetation coverage effect is relatively flat,but the impact is long-term,more reason is due to the destruction of the natural groundwater resources;in open-pit mining,the vegetation coverage effect is severe,but the impact is mainly in a specific stage(5)In the larger rainfall area(more than 600 mm),coal mining and climate factors on vegetation coverage play a role,and there are interaction effects,and less rainfall in the region(less than 400 mm)The anthropogenic and climatic factors of coal mining affect vegetation coverage only in a certain stage.In the long run,it is mainly the influence of climate factors on vegetation coverage.