| Wild animal is an important part of the natural environment,and play an important role in maintaining ecological balance.In order to assess mammal diversity in Xichou county of Yunnan Province,we adopted 5 methods,include rat trapping,line transect,mist net capture,infrared camera trapping and interview with the local people,to survey the mammal resources in the nine township in Xichou.The main purpose is to learn more about the species and distribution of the mammals in Xichou county,also we analyzes the reason of the loss of mammal species diversity and how to recover and improve the mammal species diversity.The investigation was conducted from Jan 12 to Feb 21 and Aug 13 to 21,2017.Methods are collected small mammals with trapping method were investigate in 5 different habitat types and 5 altitudes grad use total of 3779 rattraps in 21 days.Use the line transect,a total of 119 sample lines were surveyed,the total length of these lines is 457.6 km,and the average length of them was 3.90 km.By mist net capture,the CHIROPTERA mammals were surveyed in 6 caves in the Dongma village and Fadou village.Totally 4623 days infrared camera trapping method were adopted,with 3011 days for investigation at Dazhai village and 1523 days for investigation at Xiangping.418 residents including 275 males and 143 females were interviewed,and their age group were between 14 to 90,the average age about 55 years old,most of the residents are graduated in primary school and farming for live,also by the interview local people to analyze protect consciousness.A total of 62 mammal species,43 genera,18 families and 8 orders were investigated in Xichou county.Among them,the order of RODENTIA has the largest number of species,there are 21 species of 10 genera in 2 families,and the family of Muridae also has the largest number of species,there are 17 species.The order of PHOLIDOTA include smallest species,which is include 1 species,is Manis pentadactyla.There are 1 species are first class national protected animals,respectively,Macaca assamensis,Trachypithecus crepusculus,Nycticebus pygmaeus,Nycticebus bengalensis,Neofelis nebulosa;There are 16 species of second class national protected animals,including Naemorhedus caudatus,Macaca mulatta,Macaca arctoides,Cuon alpinus and Ursus thibetanus and so on;Elaphodus cephalophus is the protected animal in Yunnan.A total of 23 mammals were listed in CITES appendix,with 8 species in the appendix ?;9 species included in the appendix ? and 6 species in the appendix ?.And there are 6 kinds of species are only exist in Yunnan province in China,namely Nycticebus pygmaeus,Trachypithecus crepusculus,Mus cervicolor,Leopoldamys neilli,Chiromyscus langbianis and Berylmys manipulus.There are the consequences of mammals fauna in Xichou county,45 species belong to Oriental region,occupying 72.58% of the total amount.11 species belong to widespread region,occupying 17.74% of the total amount;And 6 species belong to Palearctic region,occupying 9.68% of the total amount.In the way of distribution types,the species can be divided into 7 distribution types.52 species belong to southern type are have highest proportion,occupying 83.87% of the total species,including 36 species of Oriental type,12 species belong to south China type,4 species belong to Himalayan-Hengduan Mountains type;9 species belong to north type,occupying 14.52% of the total species,including 5 species of Palearctic type,1 species belong to holearctic type,2 species belong to monsoon type,1 species belong to Northeast China type;And 1 species belong to widespread type,occupying 1.61% of the total species.The survey shows that most local people have positive attitude towards the establishment of protected areas and have strong awareness of wildlife conservation.The publicity of wildlife protection needs to be intensified by relevant departments,like media publicity.Combating poaching and trafficking and compensating local people whose crops are damaged by wildlife need to be strengthened. |
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