The Effect Of Compressibility On Photon Number Generated By Dynamic Casimir Effect

One of the most intriguing features of quantum field theory resides in the nontrivial nature of its vacuumstates.Quantum fluctuations present in the vacuum are responsible for nonclassical effects that can be experimentally detected.The most well known of such phenomena is the Casimir effect.In 1948,Casimir predicted that there was mutual attraction between the ideal metal plates,which was widely attributed to the quantum vacuum fluctuations of electromagnetic fields,known as the Casimir effect.An even more fascinating feature of the quantum vacuum appears when considering dynamical boundaries conditions.The presence of moving boundaries leads to a nonstable vacuum electromagnetic state,resulting in the generation of real photons,which produces a real photon,which is called the dynamic Casimir effect(DCE).This means the photon generation from vacuum due to the motion(change)of neutral boundaries,which corresponds to a kind of(quantum)fluctuation of the electro-magnetic field.This phenomenon is a typical example of interaction between microscopic and macro-scopic levels and is very fascinating from the point of view of Physics.As an interdisciplinary subject,the Casimir effect plays an important role in many fields of physics,from atomic physics,molecular biophysics to cosmology.In elementary particle physics,the Casimir effect is included in the calculation of hadronic mass and provides an efficient method for the compact mechanism of extra dimensions in multidimensional physics;The Casimir effect is also related to some physical phenomena,such as Bose-Einstein condensation and quantum reflections of different surface atoms;The Casimir effect provides a sound theoretical approach to many applications in basic physics and applied physics,as well as research on the importance of open microsystems and nanoelectromechanical systems.Over the years,the dynamic Casimir effect has received increasing attention and has become a relevant topic in studies on cavity quantum electrodynamics and cavity optomechanics,superconducting waveguides with time-dependent boundary conditions,refractive index perturbations in optical fibers,quantum friction,etc.This article mainly includes three aspects: First,it briefly introduces the related research of Casimir effect theory and experiment.Second,based on this,the dynamic Casimir effect in one-dimensional ideal cavity is studied.A pair of two-level atoms are placed in the ideal cavity.Considering the interaction between atoms and the coupling between the atoms and the cavity field,the system hamiltons are simplified by painting scene transformation,and an effective Hamiltonian is obtained.The analytical expressions of the photon number when the atom is in the ground state and the cavity field is in the compressed vacuum state are obtained by solving,rotating wave approximation,etc.Finally,the effects of the compression factor,the coupling of cavity field and atoms,and the interaction between atoms on the number of photons generated in the cavity field are discussed.The results show that the compression coefficient,the interaction between the cavity field and the atom,and the interaction between atoms have an effect on the number of photons generated in the cavity field.With the increase of the compression factor,the number of generated photons has an increasing trend;The coupling between atomic and cavity field inhibits the number of photons produced by cavity field.Atomic-atomic interaction inhibits the number of photons produced by cavity field.