Bioaccumulation And Trophic Transfer Of Organic Ultraviolet Absorbers In Aquatic Organisms From Chaohu Lake

Organic ultraviolet absorbers(UVAs)are widely used in cosmetics,personal care products and industrial products.Some UVAs can disrupt the endocrine system and cause developmental toxicity and acute toxicity,which may interfere with biological growth and even threaten the human health.Aquatic environment is the main environmental destination of UVAs,and it is also an important way of migration of multi medium.UVAs were concentrated in aquatic organisms easily.However,the studies on bioaccumulation,biomagnification,tissue distribution of UVAs and the mechanism of UVAs from aquatic environment to terrestrial environment by biodriven were still limited.In this study,in order to understand the characteristics and potential ecological risks of UVAs,we studied the pollution level of UVAs in aquatic organisms and the tissues distribution of UVAs in typical fishes from Chaohu Lake,and analyzed the migration behavior of UVAs in Chaohu aquatic food web.At the same time,the migration characteristics of UVAs from water to land by biodriven were studied to understand the role of organisms in the migration of UVAs in the riverside zone.An analytical method was developed for simultaneously detecting the 12 UVAs in fish tissue samples,n-hexane/acetone was selected as an extractant.The steps of clean-up included using Florisil column(60-100 mesh),ethanol dissolution and d-SPE adsorption(200 mg C18 + 50 mg PSA + 300 mg Florisil(100-200 mesh)).The detection limits of UVAs were 0.20-2.45 ng/g dw(dry weight).The target recovery rates were in the range of 65.4%-117%.This method is cheap,simple,rapid,sensitive and reliable,which meets the requirements of routine testing and analysis.In this study,the aquatic organisms were investigated.The results showed that 10 UVAs were detected in the marine aquaculture organisms,expect for BP and UV-320.The concentrations of the each UVA ranged from 12.5 to 28.2 ng/g lw(lipid weight),and benzotriazole UVAs were dominant.The concentration of UVAs in fish was higher than those in shrimp.The content gradients of UVAs in fish with different feeding habits were:herbivorous fish>carnivorous fish>omnivorous fish.The biota-sediment accumulation factors(BSAFs)ranged from 0 to 2.05,except the value of UV-326 was 2.05 in Parabramis pekinensis and the value of 4-MBC was 1.97 in Ctenopharyngodon idella,the BSAFs of other UVAs were less than the threshold of 1.7.It is generally accepted that the BSAF value was less than 1.7 indicating that the pollutants may tend to concentrate in sediments.The biota-water accumulation factors(BAFs)of UVAs were investigated,showed that the log BAF of 4-MBC.OD-PABA.UV-326 and UV-327 were greater than 3.7,it is suggested that those pollutants have strong bioaccumulation effect.The trophic magnification factors(TMFs)ranged from 0.31 to 1.52,and the TMFs values of HMS were higher than the threshold value of 1(p<0.05),indicating that HMS may have potential of biomagnification.And assessment of human health risks suggested that consumption of fish does not implicate an appreciable human health risk.The tissue distribution of UVAs in 6 fishes were investigated,showed that the tissue distributions of UVAs complied with the following concentration order:liver>meat>gills.The concentrations of multitudinous UVAs in liver were the highest,except UV-326.The liver accumulation rate value of UVAs was greater than 0.5,showed that the UVAs can be concentrated in liver easily.In addition,by comparing the liver accumulation ratio and the TMFs value of UVAs,it is suggested that the live accumulation of UVAs may be an important factor for the delivery of these substances in the food web.The gill accumulation rate value of UVAs was less than 0.5 for most UVAs,showed that the UVAs can be transferred to muscle from gill.In addition,by comparing the gill accumulation ratio and the Log BAFs value of UVAs,it is suggested that the gill accumulation of UVAs may be an important factor for bioaccumulation.The biological samples from riparian zone were investigated,showed that the concentration of UVAs ranged from 9.47 to 35.4 ng/g 1w in aquatic organisms,and in terrestrial organisms,the UVAs were only detected in the earthworms and the dragonfly.Among them,EHMC was detected most frequently,and salicylic acid types UVAs were detected only in plant samples.By calculating BAFs,indicated that 4-MBC and EHMC may have bioaccumulation potential.The annual flux of EHMC from the aquatic environment to the terrestrial environment by dragonfly was estimated,based on life history of dragonflies,which was ranged from 2.06 to 664 ng/m2/y.