Application Of Smart Antenna Technology For Marine Broad Area UAV

Smart antenna technology adopts space division multiple access(SDMA),which uses the difference in signal propagation direction to distinguish coherent signals from the same frequency and simultaneous gap.At present,it has an important application in the field of mobile communication.With the latest MIMO technology and traditional cellular communication,it can expand the communication capacity and maximize the use of limited spectrum resources,especially in solving the multipath effect problem which affects the quality of wireless communication.With the increasing demand for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV technology in the marine field in recent years,how to solve long distance maritime monitoring and control communications become a hot spot in the industry.The most important factor affecting the wireless communication is multipath effect.Smart antenna technology can solve this problem.Based on public science and technology research funds projects of ocean,this paper designs and develops a prototype of the ground control base station of unmanned aerial vehicle based on smart antenna technology,facing the demand of our UAV in the near shore long distance operation.This paper focuses on the realization algorithm of smart antenna technology and the overall design of the antenna prototype,and studies the realization principle of the smart antenna base station based on the working mode of the current common communication base station,and combines the algorithm characteristics and the consistency calibration technology,and gives the feasible design scheme of the supporting hardware,especially the design of the hardware.The detailed design of the circuit is given in the modules of different functional boards.In the subsequent microwave anechoic chamber simulation,several groups of experiments are carried out,and several frequencies verify the directivity and gain of the antenna prototype.Finally,the outfield test results prove that it achieves the expected targets and functional requirements,and further verifies the validity of the design method.The main research results and innovation points in this paper are as follows:1.The method of data preprocessing of array antenna is improved,and a method of cento symmetric matrix generation is proposed to reduce the difficulty of calculating the matrix and improve the efficiency of data processing;2.Combining the characteristics of the algorithm and the conventional operation mode of the antenna base station,a complete set of design scheme of the smart antenna measurement and control base station is realized,and the test prototype is developed according to the scheme.Then the relative test verification is carried out.The working frequency of the prototype is 1.3GHz~1.4GHz,which can automatically realize the direction of the super-resolution and keep tracking.It realizes long-distance measurement and control,and the communication distance is 30 km,which can carry out real-time return of airborne state data.