Influence Of Dust-Weather And Wind Erosion Open Source On Atmospheric Particulate Matters In Ningxia

Ningxia is surrounded by Tengri,Mu Us and Ulan Buh three desert and is affected greatly by the dust weather.The atmospheric environment quality is greatly influenced by the foreign invasion dust,so the surface wind erosion open source is an important source of atmospheric particulates in Ningxia.Therefore,this paper firstly put forward the indexes of the influence of dust weather on the atmospheric environment quality,and analyze the influence of sand dust in five cities(Yinchuan,Shizuishan,Wuzhong,Zhongwei and Guyuan)of Ningxia.Subsequently,the PM10 and PM2.5 transport sources and transmission process were analyzed gradually,and the potential source area and concentration contribution of PM10 and PM2.5 quality concentration in Ningxia region were obtained.Finally,a series of analyses have been conducted to obtain the PM2.5 and PM10 dust release fluxes of different surface open sources in the exogenous areas of Ningxia.These refined analysis including the use of environmental monitoring and meteorological data,considering the spatial and temporal distribution of wind speed and direction,ecological background space pattern,aerodynamic roughness of surface and soil particle size characteristics.The results of PM2.5 and PM10 dust release fluxes and cluster analysis were analyzed comprehensively.It shows that:(1)In march,the contribution rate of the dust weather to the air environment quality of the five cities in Ningxia was the maximum and average contribution rate is 17.02%.The dust weather contributed significantly to the atmospheric environment quality of Ningxia in March 2014 and May 2016,respectively are 31.11?g/m3and 31.71?g/m3,it was 20.74%and 21.14%of the second standard limit.(2)The main source area of PM10 is located in the western part of Inner Mongolia and central Gansu.The land type of the vast majority of sand dust source area is cultivated land,and the contribution to the average daily quality concentration of PM10 in Ningxia is over 220?g/m3.The secondary main source of sand dust is mining area,urban area,bare soil,desert gobi and arid river,the contribution to the average daily mass concentration of PM10 in Ningxia is about 160?220 ?g/m3.The main source area of PM2.5 is in Ningxia and eastern and central Gansu province.The dry land and bare soil is the main land type of dust source area,and most of the source regions contributed less than 100?g/m3to the average daily quality concentration of PM2.5.(3)The main source area of the surface wind erosion dust of PM10 is located in the central and western parts of Inner Mongolia and central Gansu.And PM2.5 are located in Ningxia,central Inner Mongolia,eastern and central Gansu.The three transmission paths which dominant influenced Ningxia PMio are Alashan left banner-Helan county-Pingluo county-Huhai city,Alashan right banner-Minqin county-Alashan left banne and Shandan county-Yongchang county-Gulang county-Jingtai county-Jingyuan county-Haiyuan county.Similarly,the five transmission paths which dominant influenced Ningxia PM2.5 are Alashan left banner-Minqin county-Alashan right banner tongxin county-Lingwu county-Yongning county,Yanchi county-Ortok front flag-Taole county-Helan county-Pingluo county,Alashan right banner-Minqin county-Alashan left banner-Qingtongxia city,Alashan right banner-Minqin county-Alashan left banner and Zhongning county-Tongxin county-Haiyuan county.