| There is a close relationship between agricultural production and natural conditions.With the change of natural conditions,agricultural production will also change accordingly.Since the 20 th century,the global climate has undergone major changes.The increase in the global average temperature and the increase in CO2 concentration have led to a series of environmental problems.Under the background of global warming,changes in agricultural production have been attributed to climate change.The most significant,it has attracted widespread attention.The increase in the yield of crop yields,the change in the original crop structure,and the reduction in the efficiency of cultivated land have become major issues.The main problem of agricultural problems brought about by climate change is the response to food production.People are paying more attention to climate change and food production.How to solve the negative effects of climate change has become a hot issue today.Climate change has a bearing on China's overall economic construction.To protect China's food security,ecological environment,and energy security,we must actively respond to climate change,promote low-carbon development,reduce CO2 emissions,develop a recycling economy,and promote innovation in agricultural industrialization.From a scientific point of view,assess the impact and degree of climate change on agricultural production and promote the development of China's agricultural modernization.Heilongjiang Province is a large agricultural province in China.The Sanjiang Plain is located in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province in China.The area is rich in water and heat resources,and the per capita cultivated land share is much higher than the national average.It is an important commodity grain base in China.The climate in this area has changed dramatically in recent years.The response to climate changes during the growth of food crops is the most sensitive.This article relies on geographic information technology,through the collection of multi-period climate data,crop planting structure data,analysis of agricultural production changes in the Sanjiang Plain.The temperature,precipitation,and sunshine duration data for the 21 years from 1995 to 2015 were used to analyze climate change characteristics and mutation characteristics from a time and space perspective.The crop sown area and crop yield data were selected as indicators of changes in agricultural production,and the correlations between the crop sown area and yield,air temperature,precipitation,and sunshine duration were studied to analyze the impact of climate change on agricultural production.Provide scientific basis for the sustainable development of agricultural production.Research indicates:(1)The average temperature of the Sanjiang Plain during 1995-2015 showed an upward trend with an average annual temperature of 4.852°C.The average temperature of the crop growing season showed an upward trend,and the average temperature during the study period was 18.85°C.The average annual temperature in the Sanjiang Plain during the study period varies within the range of 2.8-5.3°C,with a wide range of changes;the spatial variation of temperature in the Sanjiang Plain is larger,the temperature in the central region is higher than in other regions,and the temperature increase in the central region is obvious;the temperature in the southern region It is higher than in the northern region;the temperature in most regions during 1996-2005 was in the range of 3.8-4.3°C,and the temperature range of 4.3-4.8°C in 2006-2015 increased to reach one-third of the region.(2)The precipitation in Sanjiang Plain increased from 1995 to 2015,and the average annual precipitation was 520 mm.The precipitation in the growing season of the crop showed an upward trend.During the study period,the average annual precipitation in the growing season was 404 mm.The annual precipitation changes in the Sanjiang Plain during the study period ranged from 417 to 659 mm,with a wide range of changes.The spatial distribution of precipitation in the Sanjiang Plain was quite different.The precipitation in the central part of the Sanjiang Plain was significantly less than that in other regions.The precipitation in the southeast and northwest Adequate;Precipitation in most regions in 1996-2005 was 529-552 mm,and the range of precipitation in 529-552 mm in 2006-2015 increased.(3)The sunshine hours of Sanjiang Plain from 1995 to 2015 showed a decreasing trend,and the average annual sunshine hours was 2390.2 hours.The number of sunshine hours in the crop growing season showed a downward trend.The average number of sunshine hours during the study period was 1114.4 hours.The change of annual sunshine hours during the study period in the Sanjiang Plain was in the range of 1976-2024 hours,with a wide range of changes;the sunshine hours in the past 20 years showed a gradual decrease trend,in which the eastern part of the Sanjiang Plain has sufficient sunshine,and the sunshine hours in the western part of the country are uneven.less.(4)Climate change factors are one of the main factors affecting agricultural production.With the climate in the Sanjiang Plain developing in the warm and wet direction,the sown area of rice is affected by the climatic conditions,the sown area is increased,and the yield of crops is increased.As a long-day crop,wheat has decreased planting area and reduced crop yields when the number of sunshine hours decreases.The sowing of soybeans is more likely to be limited by economic conditions and therefore has no apparent response to climate change.Maize yields have gradually increased,and corn planting area has increased significantly.(5)Agricultural production will be affected by climatic factors and will show changes in planting area,planting structure,and crop yields,but agricultural production will also be disrupted by external conditions,such as agricultural production technology,agricultural pests and diseases,selection of crop varieties,and agricultural infrastructure.The market economy orientation is the main influence factor. |
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