| The cultivation of Chinese herbs in agro-forest model can not only provide an emulational wild growing environment for Chinese herbs,but also improve the quality of Chinese herbs and the enzymatic activity of soil.Under different composite patterns,the growth and quality of the Chinese herbs and the enzymatic activity of soil ware affected by the forest micro-environment,light intensity and litter amount etc.In this paper,after the studying of the under-forest ecological factors of three kinds of typical forest-herb composite patterns in the Dabie Mountains,such as arbor+herb?C+P?,arbor+shrub+herb?C+E+P?,and shrub+herb?E+P?,the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Chinese herbs polygonatum sibiricum,the rhizome growth,the contents of soluble sugar and the characteristics of the forest soil enzyme,we can draw a conclusion as below:?1?Compared with the non-forest cultivation?CK?,the interplantation in forest had a significant effect on the micro-climate in the forest composite system.In the four cultivation methods,the daily variation of the relative humidity sort from high to low as C+E+P<E+P<C+P<CK and the corresponding value was 7.81%?10.14%?13.57%?18.50%.The variation trend of relative humidity in different patterns was as below:C+E+P>E+P>C+P>CK.Among that,the relative humidity of C+E+P is 68.28%,which was significant higher than controlled 62.25%.The leaf temperature?T1?of polygonatum sibiricum in four different patterns present the changing curve of"unimodal type"and the peak appeared at 12.00am,followed by C+P>C+E+P>E+P>CK from large to small as28.53?,27.93?,27.32?and 35.50?.Compared with the control,within the proper range,the temperature of interplantation in forest was significantly lower than the non-forest cultivation,so the cultivation of the forest was more suitable for the growth of polygonatum sibiricum.The concentration of intercellular CO2 in different modes was as below:C+E+P>C+P>E+Pandthelowestwas335.33?mol·mol-1,267.00?mol·mol-1,257.33?mol·mol-1.?2?The net photosynthetic rate?Pn?of Polygonatum sibiricum was enhanced by the forest-herb pattern and the transpiration rate?Tr?was positively correlated with Pn.At12:00am,the Pn between the four modes of sorting was C+P>E+P>CK>C+E+P and C+P mode showed the largest net photosynthetic rate of 3.96mol·m-2·s-1.The peak point of the transpiration rate of several composite forest-herb was different,among that,the transpiration rate of C+P mode reached the maximum value of 1.76mmol·m-2·s-11 at10:00am;E+P mode showed the maximum value at 12:00am of 1.92mmol·m-2·s-1;C+E+P mode showed the maximum value of 1.96mmol·m-2·s-1.?3?The growth of Polygonatum sibiricum planted in the forest-herb pattern was higher than the control and the rhizome length,from large to small,was as follows:C+P>C+E+P>E+P>CK,which was respectively 2.50cm,2.20cm,2.10cm,1.60cm;the diameter,from large to small,was as follows:C+E+P>C+P>E+P>CK and the change was not so obvious within 0.50cm0.85cm;the raw weight of the rhizome was significantly higher than the control,among that,the weight of the mode of C+P was 1.00g,which was two times than the weight of the control.?4?Compared with the control,the content of soluble sugar of leaves in the forest-herb pattern increased,but not significant.The produced content of soluble sugar in the rhizome of polygonatum sibiricum,from large to small,was:C+P>C+E+P>E+P>CK.Among them,the content of C+P was the highest and the average content of soluble sugar was 79.29mg/g,which was higher than the single plant of polygonatum sibiricum as65.29mg/g.?5?Compared with the controlled forest soil,the enzymatic activity of soil for the three composite patterns were significantly different?P<0.05?and the soil enzyme activities were slightly enhanced under the composite mode.Among them,the soil Sucrase activity in C+E+P model was the highest,which was 60.1%higher than that of CK model.The activity of urease and catalase in soil was the highest in C+E+P model,which was 48.5%?21.1%higher respectively than that of CK. |
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