Alpine Meadow Soil Ciliates Communitychange On The Response Of Different Slope Direction In Summer

There are significant differences between the different mountain habitats,as one of the important topography factors,slope indirectly lead to distributions tructure and the composition of plant species,which in turn on soil moisture,soil temperature and other ecological factors affect redistribution can receive,reaching impacts on biodiversity the purpose of ecosystem function,productivity and plant growth development,and so the research relationship between ciliates species distribution and the habitat is significant.Due to the different aspects of light,temperature,moisture,soil and other facters is different,ciliates species composition within the habitat gradient will exhibit changes accordingly,understanding photosynthetic physiological characteristics of different aspects of ciliates species that can help us explore ciliate species habitat adaptation mechanisms.In this study,in the Gannan alpine meadows as study example,on July 24,25,2015,according to "non-flooded petri dish method" that analyzed the different slope gradient soil ciliates community composition and ecological factors related changes of photosynthetic physiological characteristics of ciliates species studies the correlation between ciliates species diversity and other factors.The results showed that:According to detection the Soil environmental factors of the different slope the results show that as the slope change(South slope,South West slope,West slope,North West slope,North slope),plexus slope go to the whole present a downward trend,mainly plexus when go to slope altitude increased slightly;and the gradient generally showed a downward trend;The minimum soil temperature on South West slope,the south slope is up to high;Soil moisture content from the south slope to the north slope showed a rising trend;pH value between 7.0 to 8.2;Along with the slope of soil organic matter to change its size sort of north slope > north west slope > south slope > south west slope > west slope;Soil total nitrogen in different slope upward numerical change is not obvious,the order to west slope<south west slope < north west slope <south slope < north slope;The change of total phosphorus indifferent slopes is not remarkable,but the change of South slope to the North slope is still show increasing,and the North slope isthe highest levels,South slope content is the lowest.Structure of soil ciliates community composition in different slopes show the results of the study are:Five slopes of Gansu alpine meadow identified by Non submerged culture dish method,142 species of soil ciliats are acquired.Which belong to 55 genera,32 families,18 orders,9 classes.Ciliate species in the studied area,according to research various slope to ciliate species has distinct difference,according to the different soil ciliates survival in how much the number of species and individuals,in turn,determine ciliates community cohesion has obvious table.Soil ciliates advantage groups,dominant species in different slopes is not same.the scattered hair is dominant in west slope,also the barbed hook is advantage groups,while the other four slopes show that scattered hair is dominant groups,barbed hook is advantage groups;The dominant species in west slope is most and the number up to25 species,so the species is most complex,and kidney-shaped class is more(kidney-shaped ciliates has strong ability to adapt to the new environment).Soil ciliates species and individual number order is West slope > South West slope >South slope > North West slope > North slope,and the most value is north slope,that means it,s environmental conditions compared with several other slope direction is more suitable for ciliates community of survival and reproduction,ciliates community structure is also the most complex and stable.By clustering analysis relation between of soil environment factors and ciliate species of five slope,respectively get the result of both is different in different slopes.By Pearson correlation analysis between soil environmental factors and ciliate parameters obtained ciliate species were very significant positive correlation with soil organic matter(P<0.01),and total nitrogen were significantly positive correlation(P<0.05);Ciliate individual number with soil organic matter,total nitrogen content was significantly positive correlation(P<0.05);Soil ciliates diversity index,Shannon Wiener index(H)and Pielous index(E)with soil temperature has significant positive correlation(P<0.05),but the relationship of between Shannon Wiener index(H)and were very significant positive correlation(P<0.01),while with Simpson index(C))not correlation.Vegetation richness and coverage change trend due to the difference of slope to the geographical location,and from south slope to the north slope shows a tendency of increase,and the change of between north west slope and north slope in vegetation richness and coverage is not obvious,and on the north slope is the maximum.According to the correlation analysis that the surface vegetation richness and coverage were very significant positive correlation with soil water content(P<0.01),and lighting,pH was significantly negative correlation(P < 0.05),so the soil moisture is the main limiting factors of vegetation growth.Soil ciliates species composition in different slope direction have certain differences that main showed ciliate species and individual number and dominant species is different,this is mainly due to the upward slope of soil environmental factors,the difference of the surface vegetation richness and coverage of the differences between the results of the mutual influence.According to detect the soil ciliates species of different slope in Gansu subalpine meadow,its showed that the ecological environment of West slope is best,and then showed the number of soil ciliates species and individual,and sort to West slope > South West slope >South slope > North West slope > North slope.Therefore,the environment of West slope is the most suitable soil ciliates community thrive.