Exploration Methods And Direction Of Water Exploration Of Serious Water Shortage Region In Shangdu County

Shangdu county is located in the temperate arid and semi-arid monsoon climate zone.The winter is cold,dry and windy;and the summer is short,less and concentrated rainfall and strong evaporation.Influenced by factors such as climate and topography,Shangdu county is in quite a number of severe water shortage.Water shortage types are divided into water resource shortage,poor quality water shortage and,economic water shortage.The water shortage has greatly affected the local people's life,and limited the development of local economy.We apply new technology in the study of the groundwater exploration based on the traditional theory of groundwater exploration,and achieve good results.Remote sensing image are used in ETM + data,its resolution is 15 m.Four fracture are determined by interpreting hydrogeological information,and their trend and length are measured,finally we verify the information on-site.Through the hydrogeology survey in study area we have more clear understanding about geology and hydrology information.According to the information we divided rich water areas,finally we preliminary determined the exploration target area.We use the transient electromagnetic sounding method and the apparent resistivity sounding method to carry out the ground geophysical work to find out the purpose of aquifer and finally we determine the well position.Because getting water in the study area is difficult,so if traditional way of rotary drilling is used it can cause high cost and the drilling is difficult.So we put forward the air drilling and booster pump bubble,it can solve the problem of local due to the water.Through the existing data we evaluate groundwater resources.There are three types of groundwater in the study area:loose rock pore groundwater;wide valley clastic rock pore fissure and hilly bedrock fracture groundwater.The principle of groundwater resource evaluation is based on the groundwater type.We select hydrogeological parameters based on past experience and the achievements.The infiltration coefficient in bedrock area is 0.1 and it is 0.15 in wide valley between high areas.Finally we use the empirical formula to estimate groundwater natural resources and recoverable resources.We estimate that the Tong Gulu river basin precipitation infiltration rate is 1971 x 104 m3/a and the water consumption is 500 x 104 m3/a now,the exploitable groundwater is 1401 x 104 m3/a,the confined groundwater storage is 104914 x 104 m3.So we suggest to set well in relatively rich water area,and also to prevent the water concentration levels falling.In exploiting groundwater season it may use some stocks,but we can adjust to ensure balance of groundwater resources.Through the statistical analysis of the groundwater quality test data,combining with the local hydrogeological conditions,groundwater chemical type and its distribution rule are summarized from the two aspects of lithology and geomorphology.Result shows that the main problem of the local groundwater is excessive fluorine ion content.Water quality is good in hilly area,the hardness is not more than 500 mg/1.According to the observation data of statistics on the dynamic change of underground water level,the effects on groundwater changes from the meteorological factor,hydrological factor and human factor are analyzed.Result shows that the underground water level changes with seasons.This paper puts forward reasonable suggestions for sustainable exploitation.A large number of data about underground wells are analyzed,and rich water vector and influence index are introduced.Groundwater exploration direction from two aspects of lithology and geomorphology indicates the direction for the serious water resources.The rock pores,structures and the tectonic zone are the good locarions for looking for water sources in the granite,basalt and metamorphic rock area.The main water-bearing landscape unit is wide valley.The main weak aquifers are the Neogene sandy mudstone or sandy mudstone,the main rich aquifers are the Neogene conglomerate,Paleogene sandstone and Quaternary sand gravel.