Benefits Of Agriculture And Husbandry Integrated Pattern In The Agro-pastoral Region Of Southern Tibet

The combination of cropping agriculture and animal husbandry is the compact combination of all the resources of planting and animal husbandry,and a regional development management model for improving the comprehensive efficiency of the farming and animal husbandry system.The combination of cropping agriculture and animal husbandry exists mainly in the region between agriculture and animal husbandry.Southern Tibet is a component of the southern end of the agriculture and animal husbandry region in China,and various patterns of combination of cropping agriculture and animal husbandry has formed in the long term process of mutual benefit between cropping agriculture and animal husbandry,among which the two modes of “breeding animal in pastoral region and fatting them in farming region” and “carrying forage from farming regions to pastoral region for livestock” are most are the most common.However,scientific research is needed to provide evidence to support which mode's land use efficiency is better.Therefore,in this study,the two modes in Shannan region and Linzhi region were used to construct the evaluation index system of land use efficiency of the combination mode of cropping agriculture and animal husbandry,analyze the social economic efficiency and ecological environment efficiency and the coupling degree of the two modes.In theory,we try to establish the methods for land use efficiency evaluation of the combination mode of cropping agriculture and animal husbandry in order to provide the scientific basis for selection of the suitable combination mode of cropping agriculture and animal husbandry in south Tibet to provide the scientific basis for the combination mode of agriculture and animal husbandry.The main results are as follows:1.The evaluation index system of land use efficiency in the combination of crop agriculture and animal husbandry was constructed,and the weight of each index was determined by principal component analysis.The evaluation index system of land use efficiency in the combination of crop agriculture and animal husbandry was composed of 1 target layer,2 strategy layers,4 subordinate layers and 14 index layers.The weights of each index were 0.086 for agricultural workers,0.122 for populationdensity,0.11 per capita income of farmers and herdsmen,0.079 for the number of primary and secondary schools,0.135 for animal husbandry GDP,0.13 for agricultural output,0.105 for fixed assets investment of the whole society,0.117 for grain output,0.116 for animal carrying capacity,0.215 for afforestation area,0.201 for regeneration land area,0.185 for forest coverage,0.197 for crop sowing area and 0.202 seedling area.2.The land use ecological environment efficiency and social economic efficiency of the two modes were analyzed;it was found that the efficiency of “carrying forage from farming regions to pastoral region for livestock” mode fluctuated greatly,while that of “breeding animal in pastoral region and fatting them in farming region” mode was relatively stable.During the period from 2008 to 2015,the land use efficiency of the two modes had annual dynamic.The land use social economic efficiency and ecological environmental efficiency of “breeding animal in pastoral region and fatting them in farming region” mode showed an increase trend and was relatively stable,indicating that this model can not only increased the income of farmers and herdsmen,but also improved the regional ecological environment gradually.The land use ecological environmental efficiency of “carrying forage from farming regions to pastoral region for livestock” mode was relatively stable,but the social and economic efficiency showed a fluctuant increase indicating that “breeding animal in pastoral region and fatting them in farming region” mode had the advantage of less annual fluctuation.3.Through evaluating the coupling degree of land use efficiency of two modes,it was found that although the land use efficiency of both modes was in a coordinated development status,that of “breeding animal in pastoral region and fatting them in farming region” mode was closer to the most harmonious status.During the period from 2008 to 2015,the coupling degree(? value)of land use efficiency of “breeding animal in pastoral region and fatting them in farming region” mode was always between 45° and 47.5°,while that of “carrying forage from farming regions to pastoral region for livestock” mode was between 45°and 50°.Although the land use efficiency of both modes was in a coordinated development status,that of “breeding animal in pastoral region and fatting them in farming region” mode was closer to the most harmonious status(the difference range of ? value from the most coordinated status,45°).In summary,based on the constructed land use efficiency evaluation index system,the evaluation results showed that “breeding animal in pastoral region and fatting them in farming region” mode could increase both social economic efficiency and ecological environment efficiency in both cropping agricultural and animal husbandry areas at the same time,however,“carrying forage from farming regions to pastoral region for livestock” mode could increase onlysocial economic efficiency in cropping agricultural area.“Breeding animal in pastoral region and fatting them in farming region” mode was closer to the most harmonious status,indicating that this mode has more application advantages in the agro-pastoral region of southern Tibet.