Research On China's Trade Interests Under The Background Of Intra-Product Specialization

Since the 1980 s,the intra-product specialization which is the main feature of the process production in t he global value chai n has developed rapidly.In the global division of labor network constructed by the intermediate goods trade for many times,each country has different value creation.The distribut ion mechanism of tra de interests and the estimation of trade interest have become m ore and more complex.Countries,regions and depart ments are in dif ferent production links,and each mutually accepts the added value of the intermediate input in the upstream of the value chain.Under the production system of intra-product specialization,the calculation of the traditional final product gross trade intere st is no longer applicable to the current world trade environment,the value measurement system of value added trade emerges as the tim es require.Based on t he perspective of value added trade,calculating Chinese trade interests ref lects China's position in international trade and the real profit pattern,it contributes to gras p the Chinese position of foreign trade accurately,and it also contributes to understand foreign trade policy and coordinate trade relations effectively,which has a n important significance to promote the “the Belt and Roa d ” international strategy.Firstly,this paper f irst studies the dist ribution mechanism of international trade interests under the intra-product specializa tion background,introduces the calculation process of international trade interests under the intra-product specialization,and leads to a new international trade statistics ru le,which is matched with the present international trade division environment,that is,the value added trade statistics system.Secondly,using the da ta from the WTO and the or ganization for economic cooperation and development(OECD),the data from the world input output databa se(WIOD)is used to calc ulate China's export trade volume and the bila teral trade gap between China and the EU under the added value trade.The results are as follows:(1)the increase of China 's export trade volume in the traditional customs statistics is overestimated in order to increase the export statistics of China 's exports.The growth of trade volume is not as f ast as the total trade description.(2)the real profitability of China's value added exports is decreasing,and the trade structure of export products is improving,and its position in the global value chain has been optimized.(3)Compared with the total import and export statistics,the trade import and export volume with the added value as the statistical caliber gr eatly reduced the degree of Sino EU trade imbalance.Thirdly,based on the UIBE GVC Index data compiled by the research team of the global value chain of University of Intern ational Business and Economics,China and the United States are divided into three leve ls of value added structure,value source countries and industries under the value added trade,the results are as follows:(1)More and more American val ue added in China' s export,and the m otivation of the United States in the huge trade surplus of Chin a and the Unite d States also has a gre at responsibility.(2)In China's export trade to the United States,China has become a "aggregation" of the benefits of many countries,and the value of export products has not completely transformed into China's trade interests.(3)From the industry level,the nominal export volume of China's exports to the United States is larger,but there is not much value added to the domestic value in the distribution of interests.Finally,this paper makes an e mpirical study on the influencing factors of the export added value of China,including ver tical specialization degree,foreign dire ct investment,industrial scale,scientific res earch cost and exchange rate,and dra ws a conclusion that vertical specialization ha s a gre ater impact on China 's export adde d value,the expansion of industrial scale does not bring positive im pact on the export added value of our country.Therefore,China should actively integrate into the global value chain and continuously opti mize its position in the va lue chain of international trade,speed up its fore ign trade fr om scale transition and expansion to connotative development,and then create higher trade returns.