The Two-Echelon Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem With Using Electric Vehicle In The Second-level Routs

In the context of e-commerce,the demand for logistics has grown exponentially,and the average daily express delivery volume in China has exceeded 100 million.Second,with the expansion of the city scale,policies such as warehouse relocation and limited movement of freight vehicles have been implemented one after another.Enterprises are facing warehouses away from customers.Large trucks cannot enter the distribution difficulties of urban areas.The establishment of a multi-level distribution system has become a necessary choice for JD Logistics and other distribution companies to make urban distribution arrangements.On the other hand,in the face of shortages of oil resources and environmental degradation,the government advocates energy-saving and emission reduction and encourages the promotion and application of new energy vehicles.And with the development of battery and charging device technologies,the cost advantage of electric vehicles is highlighted.JD,DHL,UPS and other companies gradually purchase electric vehicles to perform terminal delivery.Based on the above background,this paper proposes the two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem with using electric vehicle in the second-level routs.The specific work is as follows:(1)Based on the literature review,this paper establishes three models of capacitated vehicle routing problem,two-echelon vehicle routing problem and electric vehicle routing problem.In addition,the algorithms in the vehicle routing problem are summarize as three types of exact algorithms,traditional heuristics,and heuristics.Considering various path planning objects such as customers and charging stations,an adaptive large-scale neighborhood search algorithm that covers multiple search rules and has strong search capability is selected as the main algorithm of this paper.(2)Based on the Two-Echelon Vehicle Routing Problem and Electric Vehicle Routing Problem,analyzing the model assumptions and constraints for the two-level path planning problem of electric vehicles,analyzing the model assumptions and constraints of the two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem with using electric vehicle in the second-level routs.Then,this paper establishes a mathematical planning model.(3)Design heuristic algorithm based on greedy algorithm,adaptive large-scale neighborhood search algorithm,simulated annealing algorithm.Secondly,this paper selects five different scale examples from data sets provided by Schneider,and verifies the accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm.The results show that the algorithm can obtain a good feasible solution in a shorter time.(4)Combining the actual layout data of company A,this model and algorithm are applied to plan the single-cycle and double-level distribution routs.Secondly,this paper analyzes the effect of charging station and battery capacity on the distribution plan of electric vehicles based on the results of the examples.And analyzes the impact of the matching relationship between the terminal station and the sorting center on the two-echelon two-tier distribution system.Finally,analyzes the service level of the sample plan based on the goods arrive time and propose daily delivery Suggests.