The Research On Financial Exclusion Problem Of Longhui County,Hunan Province

Due to financial repression and financial exclusion,the financial supply in the poor areas is seriously inadequate,and it is difficult for people to obtain effective financial services,thus production and life are greatly affected.In order to provide effective financial services to the vast number of poor areas,the "13th Five-Year Plan" proposed to build a multi-level,wide coverage,differentiated banking system,develop the inclusive finance and make efforts to strengthen financial services in poor areas.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to systematically study the financial development of poverty-stricken counties and explore the countermeasures to solve the financial exclusion,which can promote the economic development of poor counties and increase the income of farmers in poverty-stricken areas.The article is divided into four parts:the first part,systematically combs the research results of financial exclusion,and lays a detailed foundation for the follow-up research.The second part defines and expounds the related concepts of financial exclusion,theoretically explores the mechanism and effect of financial exclusion,and provides solid theoretical support for this paper.In the third part,based on the descriptive statistical analysis of the financial development of Longhui County in Hunan Province,the research plan and questionnaire are designed.The financial exclusion situation is analyzed according to the survey result and the influencing factors are analyzed by using the ordered Probit model.In the fourth part,according to the empirical results,combining with the actual situation of Longhui County and learning from the international experience,the paper proposes some countermeasures and suggestions from the following three levels like government,financial institutions and residents to solve the financial problems of Longhui County.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:First,the financial development of Longhui County is slow,residents are more inclined to deposite and loan in Rural Credit Cooperative,Agricultural Bank of China and China Postal Savings Bank,the financial exclusion in other state-owned commercial banks,policy banks is more serious.Second,95%of the respondents were subject to financial exclusion,mainly self-exclusion,price exclusion and conditional exclusion.Third,the factors such as Longhui County residents education level,the total annual expenditure of the family,whether family members or relatives work in the bank and whether to enjoy the government subsidy loans have a negative impact on financial exclusion;the factors such as number of bank outlets per million in the township and the distance to the recent bank institutions have a positive impact on financial exclusion;whether to enjoy the government subsidy loans has the greatest impact.The innovation of this paper:First,the use of questionnaire survey,on the basis of which,the types and causes of financial exclusion are deeply analyzed;Second,the research perspective focuses on poor counties lagging behind the central region and quantitatively analyzes them based on microscopic survey data;Third,the scope of the study is only on the credit exclusion,which is targeted.