Research On Labor Immigrant And Remittances In Tajikistan

After independence,Tajikistan suffered domestic conflict and economic recession.It was more difficult to provide enough job opportunities for Tajik people.With increasing prices of international energy,rapid speed of Russian economic growth could offer job chances for Tajik people.the number of the labor immigrants in Tajikistan was under rapid development.According to survey,about 20% Tajik family has a member working abroad,about 30% Tajik male who is the working-age labor force participated into the labor immigration.Accompanied by the 12% Tajik people are choosing to go abroad in search of work opportunities each year,Tajikistan has been NO 1 in the number of receiving remittances(the ratio of the GDP)in the world,So Tajikistan is called the most remittance-dependent country around the world.Nowadays Chinese scholars don't have a systematic exploration of Tajik labor immigrant and remittances,although have noticed the importance of Tajik labor and remittance toward economy and society.in view of this fact,the paper tries to study on Tajik labor immigrant and remittances on economy and society combined with previous research results on the basis of reading literature at home and abroad.The paper mainly consists of six parts,Chapter one mainly reviews the research results at home and abroad on immigrant and remittance.Chapter two introduces relative definition and theory on immigrant and remittance and defines the research object in the paper.Chapter three begins comb the Tajik economic situation,providing background analysis of why Tajik people choose to go abroad in search of work for Tajikistan so as to provide necessity for the fact that they choose to work abroad;Chapter four conducts a analysis of Tajikistan labor immigrant.Including firstly summarizes the features of labor immigrant,then analyses the feasibility and operability of the behavior that Tajikistan people are able to choose labor immigration on a conditional and large-scale way.Discusses the impacts of labor immigrants.At the end of the chapter discusses the prospect of Tajik labor immigration;Chapter five analyses remittances in Tajikistan.This chapter mainly consists of four aspects,firstly summarizes the characteristics the remittances of Tajikistan,then analyses the positive the negative effects Tajik remittances bring.Finally summarizes the existing problems which happen in the process of making use of remittances;Chapter six makes a conclusion and puts forward relative suggestions.The paper makes several conclusions,including: One,Tajikistan poor invest environment,low ratio of industrial production to GDP,much less modern service industry,etc main problems lead to high recessive unemployment in domestic labor market,providing the necessity for Tajik people choose to go abroad in search of job opportunities.Two,Tajik labor immigrants can increase the employment opportunities,reduce domestic employment pressure,and are in favor of lowering the poverty.Making the remittances received by Tajikistan continuously turn to be as the largest source of foreign exchange.But the loss of young workers is bad for the country's economic development in the long run.Although the present Tajikistan labor immigrants face difficulties,but will not disappear in the short term,will exist for a long time.Three,remittances could maintain political and social stability,improve the level of household consumption,there reduce poverty,and have positive effect on the public finances.But the negative effects which remittances bring can't be ignored.First,Tajikistan economy is vulnerable to Russia's economic situation,resulting in weak economic independence.Second,the appreciation of the real exchange rate of local currency has led to a decline in the competitiveness of goods.Third,prompted the effectiveness of monetary management for the central bank decline,causing inflation.Finally remittances are not conducive to narrowing the gap between rich and poor,and enhance the relative poverty rate.Four,Relying on labor immigrant and remittances are not in favor of long –term Tajikistan economy,Tajikistan must develop its own industry to create more employment opportunities.But at the same time,taking full advantage of the constructive function of remittances to better serve economic and social development.