A Study On The Dynamic Measurement Of Multidimensional Poverty Of Rural Residents In Yunnan Province

Yunnan Province is located in the southwest area of China, besides it has a large number of the poor in the rural areas, the poor are in deep levels of poverty, the number of national poverty counties is the main battlefield of poverty alleviation accounting for 12.33% of the total number of counties, ranking first in the China.Hani-Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe as an important gateway of Yunnan’s reform and opening up, has a particularly important strategic position in the economic development and Western Development. It is a great significance to promote the coordinated development of the region by researching the Hani-Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe’s poverty situation of the poor counties in considering the poverty face and the root of the diversified view. This paper mainly uses the multidimensional measure to evaluate the poverty status of the poor counties in Honghe Prefecture, and further according to decompose the MPI method from area and index we can get all aspects of the lack of degree of farmers and reflect the poverty situation comprehensively, providing the basis for the precise poverty.This paper is based on the Honghe bureau of statistics tracking survey household data from 2006 to 2010, studying the poverty situation of rural households from two perspectives. This paper selects 10 indexes of the 3 dimensions of specific measurement, the results shows that: from single perspective observation, farmers are not only poverty at the income level ,but also in cooking fuel, medical insurance,housing structure, assets, the average years of education, health facilities and other indicators of the incidence of poverty are also high. In order to explore the deep-level poverty-induced factors, the article uses the Alkire-Foster model and the entropy weight method to obtain the MPI index under different denial of the critical line.When k is 3, the multidimensional poverty index is 0.602 in 2006, reducing to 0.420 in 2010, decreasing 18.2%; in the case, the degree of multi-dimensional poverty in the region weakened, area of eight indicators above the high-dimensional poor households accounted for only 7% in 2010. On the other hand, the same when k is 3,for example, from the average exposure to individual indicators of the situation, we found that in 2006 the average deprivation of 7.05 indicators, and by 2010 the average number of local residents 5.66 indicators in poverty, decreasing 20%, which indicates that the multidimensional field of vision can better see the poverty status of the study area.To the further study the poverty indicators and the contribution of the region,decompose the MPI index and find cooking fuel, housing structure, sanitation facilities and the average number of years of education of several indicators are prominent in poverty alleviation work, they are the important intervention targets.Secondly, the regional decomposition of the multidimensional poverty index found that the Jin Ping contribution rate of poverty in the Honghe Prefecture was maintained in the first place. The contribution rate of the multidimensional poverty index was mainly in the areas of Yuanyang, Liichun, ShiPing, and Honghe , so the government poverty alleviation policies need to be properly tilted to this area.In view of the study of the poor counties of the Hani-Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe in this paper, the following basic conclusions are drawn: firstly, poverty is not only the shortage of income,income as the single standard can’t provide the specific policy for poor orientation so that we should use the Multidimensional Poverty Measurement method to evaluate poverty; secondly, the poor counties in the Honghe Prefecture have achieved results in poverty reduction, but we still need to focus on improving cooking fuels, housing structures, sanitation and education;thirdly, the poor counties’ poverty situation are different when the dimensions are different, the government should formulate the policy of poverty alleviation according to local conditions. At the same time, it is appropriate to tilt the Jinping,Yuanyang, Green Spring, Shi Ping and Honghe areas.