The Current Situation And Strategy Research On The Spatial Characteristics Of Geographic Elements In High School Geography Classrooms

The geospatial perspective is an important perspective for observing and understanding geographical things and phenomena and analyzing the regional space environment.For middle school geography teaching,it is an important way to base on the map to perceive and analysis of the spatial characteristics of geographical elements presented in maps with "point,line,and surface".The object of this study is Shanghai geography teacher.The research on the four spatial features of the geographical elements in the map,such as space position,space size,space shape and space distance.This paper analyzes the degree of attention to the geography teachers' attention to the spatial characteristics of geographical elements and the status of the training,sums up the corresponding problems and puts forward the teaching strategies.The paper consists of three parts: introduction,text and conclusion.The text is combined with theoretical research and practice research,and basically follows the technical line from theory to empirical.The main part of the text is divided into three parts: connotation definition,current situation investigation and strategy design.The first part is the definition of connotation.First,define the connotation of the spatial location,spatial size,spatial shape,and spatial distance of geographic elements and geographic elements.Clear geographic features are presented in a map as dots,lines,and polygons.In the specific teaching process,it is necessary to comply with the principles of the Gestalt organization and the constructivist learning theory.The second part is the status survey.The following questions can be summarized through questionnaires and interviews:"Space location" : The teacher has insufficient understanding of the functions of the latitude and longitude lines,and the teaching process ignores the students' subjectivity.In the establishment of relative position,teacher pay attention to the description of the eight major position words,but neglect the geographical spatial topology."Space size" : Teacher's interpretation of area size lacks a generative process;Lack of systematic maps affect teachers' teaching on a scale."Space shape" : The young teachers have a one-sided understanding of the contour shape,and the degree of cognition has a certain correlation with the college entrance examination reform;The teacher focuses on guiding the students to perceive the orderly pattern of formation of the arrangement of geographical elements from life experience."Space distance" : Teachers' teaching methods for geometric distances are complicated.Teacher preference material reading summarizes the location conditions of industrial and agricultural development from text to text.The third part is the strategy design.Based on the above issues,the author proposes the following points:"Space location" : Absolute position teaching can create learning tasks so that students can independently integrate the geographical information involved in the latitude and longitude range.In the process of establishing the relative position,the positioning logic of the topological relationship of geographic elements is strengthened,and the geographic elements are multi-dimensionally positioned."Space size" : Generate area size of geographic features through layer overlay refinement;Establishing multi-scale regional awareness from macro to microscopic levels through Google Earth."Space shape" : Teachers should combine the outline shape of small-scale maps with latitude and longitude lines to create spatial anchor points.Establish a spatial reference system that fuses visual perception and life experience to clarify the orderliness of spatial arrangements."Space distance" : Visual symbols are used to perceive the decay characteristics resulting from increasing spatial distances;In the process of analyzing the location conditions of industrial and agricultural areas,based on maps,according to the “earth-to-person-people-to-land-man-land coordination,” the spatial relationship between geographic elements in the map can be analyzed from the perspective of economic distance.