A Comparative Study On The Presentation Methods Of Scientific Methods In Chinese And American High School Physics Textbooks

The presentation of scientific methods in textbooks is needed for further deepening of curriculum reform.In the current physical curriculum reform,the three objectives of the new curriculum are at a glance on the content and requirement of scientific knowledge.The scientific methods are not fully presented in the curriculum standards and textbooks.Ignoring scientific method education and its presentation makes knowledge treated explicitly,whoever scientific methods is handled vaguely.Even though teaching students knowledge is significant,helping students master scientific methods is highly necessary for physical teaching process.Textbook is an important carrier for student learning and teachers teaching scientific methods,and it is of great significance for scientific method education.The purpose of this paper is comparing the presentation of scientific method between Chinese and American textbooks,and analyzing the difference and commonness of its presentation.Teachers can consciously use scientific methods to organize teaching and promote the effective implementation of scientific method education.By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the scientific methods presented in the two versions of teaching materials,comments and suggestions on the preparation of textbooks.This study include three parts:Collating relevant literature,and constructing suitable scientific method comparison model based on the comparative research achievements of the scientific methods,the comparison of teaching materials and the scientific methods.Using above scientific method comparison model to analyze the concepts,laws,experiments,knowledge in Chinese-American textbooks mechanical part with quantification method,and compares them difference.analyze the concepts,laws,experiments,knowledge in Chinese-American textbooks mechanical part with quantification method,and compares them difference.On the compares,there are conclusions:(1)Two kinds of textbooks in the physical concept of scientific methods equivalent elements,using the direct definition of the most,the value of the definition of the law followed.In the physical concept of Chinese textbooks in the physical characteristics of the presentation:? focus on the physical concept of a direct definition;? biased in the ideal conditions defined;? tend to physical conditions with experimental instrumentation to help define the concept of experiment.The concept of scientific methods in the concept in the American textbook is characterized by:? focusing on the concept of conceptual formation and conceptual definition;? focusing on the concept of starting from the original physical problem;? focusing on the introduction of concepts using mathematical methods.(2)There are some differences in the total number of scientific methods in the law of the two versions of the textbooks,and the number of scientific methods is quite different.Among them,the mathematical methods are the most in the two versions of teaching materials,and the method of experimentation is the least.In the physical law of the Chinese textbooks,the scientific methods show the characteristics of the method:? focus on the concept of further demonstration experiments or experimental verification,to draw conclusions,and through examples to verify;? focus on experimental summary;? focus on induction,deductive reasoning method Summarize the law.The scientific method of the American textbook presents the characteristics of the method:? focus on the introduction of mathematical methods of reasoning,and write a detailed reasoning process;? focus on inquiry experiments to summarize the rules;? focus on life experiments to sum up.(3)Analyzing the qualitative analysis and case analysis of the scientific method text in the conceptual,regular,experimental and knowledge application of the Chinese and American textbooks mechanics,and compares the differences.(4)American textbook set the level of structured,rich type,attention to thinking methods of training.There are fewer types in Chinese textbook,the level is not obvious,scientific methods focus on infiltration.