Correlation Between Guardianship Behaviors And Social Emotions Of Infants And Young Children In Poor Rural Areas

Under the background of the "new normal" of economic development,China's economy is facing the risk of "middle income trap".The experience of developed countries shows that improving the quality of the population is an important premise and basis to cross the middle income trap.From the real situation of China,the key to tamp the premise and basis is to enhance the quality and reserve of human capital in poor rural areas and achieve the transformation from big population country to strong human resources country.Early childhood development is the basic stage of the future human capital formation and development,and also the stage of highest rate of return on investment.Investing on infant development at this stage can achieve a multiplier effect.As a result,the continuous and high quality parenting behavior of caregivers can not only have a profound and positive influence on child development,but also can save the social expenditure.There are growing evidence that social-emotional problems are ingrained according to psychology and medical research,which means that if there is any social-emotional problem in early childhood,it can not be effectively improved in adulthood.This means that infants are not able to achieve effective improvements in their adulthood if they have problems with social-emotional in their early development.If infants' social-emotional skill developed well,individuals are more likely to adapt to society,improve future income,and get better life.The scientific parenting behavior can effectively reduce the crime rate in adulthood and save the social cost by improving social-emotional skill.Therefore,it has great significance to improve the level of social-emotional development of children in the early childhood.The goal is to use large sample data of 1350 rural children from 335 villages,174 towns,based on empirical study analysis to describe parenting behaviors in poor rural areas,measure the status factors for children aged 0-3-year-olds in poor rural areas and the relevant risk factors associated with their social-emotional development,analyze the relationship between parenting behavior and child social-emotional development and explore ways to improve child social-emotional development in rural areas.The study found that:(1)Caregivers of infants in poor rural areas were lack of scientific parenting behavior.87.1%of caregivers didn't read to their children the day before the survey,and more than half of households didn't have books for children.62.3%of caregivers didn't sing songs to their children the day before the survey,and 60.5%of parents didn't play games with children;From the related factors of parenting,the only child Mothers with high education are significantly superior to the level of parenting in the primary caregiver and their mother's education.(2)More than half(57.9%)of infant were social-emotional development delay,and the proportion of infants with social-emotional development delay increased with aging.According to the related factors of the development level of infant's social emotional development,the age and gender of the children have significant effect on social-emotional development.With the increase of infant's month age,the social-emotional development gets worse.Female was better than male at social-emotional development.(3)There is a significant correlation between the level of social-emotional development and parenting behavior in the poor rural areas.If caregivers reading to their children will significantly decrease the ASQ:SE score of 5.84,If caregivers singing songs to their children will significantly decrease the ASQ:SE score of 9.14,If caregivers playing with their children will significantly decrease the ASQ:SE score of 5.39.The results reflect that the implementation of these three parenting behaviors can effectively promote the social-emotional development.Based on the above research results,we put forward some policy suggestions:first,involve the early childhood education into the national public service category in poor rural services;second,launch the pilot project of early childhood development;third,strengthen the evaluation of existing early childhood education project.