| Communism is the inevitable trend of the development of human history,and the most lofty social ideal of Marx doctrine.On the basic characteristics of Communist society,classical writers of Marx make a general description,that is,on the bases of great wealth of material wealth,with the protection of the distribution of consumer demand,human society achieved an unprecedented high degree of harmony,the spiritual plane of people improved a lot,people achieved free and comprehensive development,and human society leapt from the realm of necessity to the realm of freedom.The practical subject of communism is human.An unavoidable topic of the ultimate realization of communism is human nature.When classical writers of Marx criticize utopian socialism,they usually emphasize the importance of productivity in a perspective of production relations adapting to the level of productivity development.This is true of course.However,there is also a key factor in the emergence of utopian socialism——human nature.Place the construction of communism on the rational understanding of human nature,by this way can effectively avoid the utopian elements of Utopian Socialism,and lay a realistic foundation for the realization of communism.To realize the free and comprehensive development of human beings is the essential attributes of communist society and the fundamental value goal that Marx scientific socialism always pursues for.Socialism with Chinese characteristics puts forward "people-oriented" Scientific Outlook on Development,which inherits and develops Marx scientific socialism’s care for the ultimate value of man,revealed that people are the real purpose of social development,and overcome the disadvantages of development concept of the traditional socialist,that is " Focus on matter and Individual neglected ".Throughout socialist theory and practice development history,there are still deficiencies in the understanding of people.No matter the three utopian socialists or classical writers of Marx,or Chinese socialism theorists and practitioners,they all have limitations in understanding and exploring human nature.For example,lack of enough understanding of the two sides of human nature and the design and development of many policies and systems are unilaterally placed on the good side of human nature,which highly emphasis on the role of spiritual power;lack of enough understanding of the two attributes of human nature in the development of social history,and ignore that evil in human nature can also promote the development of social history under certain conditions;over emphasis on good side of human nature also has a negative effect on the development of society,which leads to error that does not conform to the truth,beyond the stage of social development,and even with illusion in China and other socialist country during their process of socialist construction,at last bring great loss to socialist construction.Thus,put into perspective both the two sides of human nature and rational analyses the two attributes of human nature in the development of social history,and put the construction of socialist system on the foundation of rational understanding of the two sides of human nature become an urgent problem to be solved in the construction and practice of our socialist theory construction.From the perspective of human nature and its influence on social system,this article emphasis government’s policy should take effect as follows on the bases of the rational understanding of human beings: first,the principles and policies are in line with the two sides of human nature,making it more practical;second,fully mobilize people’s enthusiasm for production and life,mobilize social vitality,promote economic development and promote social progress;third,more conducive to the promotion of social positive energy,promote people’s spiritual realm,social health and sustainable development;forth,better resolve social contradictions,establish a good social order and promote the construction of Harmonious Society. |
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