Research On The Ethnic Issues Of The Three Baltic Countries During The Soviet Period

The three Baltic countries is located in the coast of the Baltic sea,who is the three former Soviets republics.During Soviet times,there are deep historical reasons for the ethnic issues of the Baltic states,that is because the three regions are ruled or invaded by the crusades for a long period of time.The invasion of the crusades diverted the course of the history for the three ethnic groups.that is why the national culture and psychology are more inclined to the Western civilization.So there is a huge difference which was formed between the Baltic states national culture and the Russian national Orthodox culture.As a by-product of Christianity,they gradually developed their own words and cultures.The spread and development of the native culture and education promote the forming of Lithuania,Estonia,Latvia nation.Up to the 19 th Century,Tsarist Russia occupied almost all of Estonia,Latvia and Lithuania.Russia practised the policy of divide and rule,pushing Russian culture,serfdom reform,ect,who intended to push ahead the Modernization of the governing style,national mixture and the unity of Russia,but the policies achieved little progress,and promote the local national movement.Before world war I,the intense national consciousness and national organizations had formed.The requirements of the nationalists were promoted step by step from fighting for national rights and interests to self-governing and independent.During Russian revolution,the domestic chaos provided conditions for the their national independence.With the help of foreign powers,the three nationalities established the national bourgeoisie countries,and prescribed the social,economic and political systems which are different from the Soviet union's political and economic system.They implemented the policy which was beneficial to push up the development of national economy,culture and language at home,and adopted the pro-western path at home,and implemented the policy of hostility or guarded against the Soviet union in foreign policy issues,but their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people.Before the second world war,the Soviet union annexed the three Baltic countries by the Soviet-German secret agreement.The three Baltic countries were enforced the adoption of the Soviet system,whose nationalist resistance was suppressed,but with outbreak of the Soviet-German war,the Baltic states were occupied by Nazi Germany,meanwhile,some nationalists become the accomplice of Nazi Germany because they hate Soviet occupation.After the second world war,the three countries were occupied by the Soviet union,and were forced to pursue collectivization,the public ownership and enforcing immigration.Their policy only serves to arouse the opposition of the people.The national issues of the three Baltic countries consists mainly of enforcing the Soviet-style,the contradiction of highly centralized economy or politics and national autonomous,the contradiction between the different culture and group,and so on.By Gorbachev's time,The ethnic problems became more acute,and causes independence of the three republics.The independence of the Baltic states reflected the serious flaws and other problems in the ethnic theory and policy of the Soviet union.The ethnic theory and policy of our country largely borrowed from the Soviet union.So the Soviet union lessons and experiences of national policy is very worthy of our learning and reflection.Presently,our country has already got into the key period of reform and development.The national question remain prominent within a specific range.The relationships of the reformation,development and nationality,upholding national unity and national autonomous must be properly handled.we should establish the bottom line to the national questions,and deal with the conflict between the various ethnic groups within the frame work of legal system,and avoid that the issues of livelihood,reformation and development,central and provincial are translated into the nation problems.