Zhang Yi's Study Of The Study Of Benevolence

Zhang Shi,a major Confucian figure of South Song Dynasty(1127-1279),is equally famous with Zhu Xi and Lv Zuqian and called as "three southeast" together with them,whose thought has a unique position in the development history of Confucianism.The reason is that he not only inherits the tradition of Huxiang School represented by Hu Hong but absorbs the Zhu Xi's cultivation from the academic argumentation with ZhuXi.His thought is based on "benevolence" in his life time,which is embodied both in the inheritance of Hu Hong's thought and in "benevolence doctrine" argumentation with Zhu Xi.The inheritance and discussion of "benevolence" show the purpose of his thought,which is of great significance to understanding Zhang Shi's thought.The "benevolence doctrine" argumentation between Zhang Shi and Zhu Xi plays an important role in the development process of Zhang Shi's benevolence thought,Starting from the "benevolence doctrine" argumentation between the two people,the paper highlights that they discuss the understanding of "benevolence" from different positions by analyzing their understanding of the conceptual conceptual categories,including "the mind of heaven and earth","the way of the mind","the virtue of the mind" "benevolence,righteousness,propriety,wisdom" four moralities,"principle of kindness" and "public" In the arguing process of "benevolence doctrine" it can be seen that Zhan Shi,on the basis of the access of moral practice of the subject,has a strong moral value concern of the subject on understanding the problems such as"the mind of heaven and earth" and "the mind of virtue";while,Zhu Xi understands the"benevolence" on the basis of the access of universal evolution of the creature mind of heaven and earth.It is one of the important reference points to grasp the access of Zhang Shi that they have different understandings presented in different access concerns.Based on the different accesses embodied in the“benevolence doctrine”argumentation between Zhang Shi and Zhu Xi,it can be easy to find that Zhang Shi'ssubjectivity access is mainly guided by his master Hu Hong by retrospecting his subjectivity access.Zhang Shi mot only basically inherits Hu Hong's thought of"essentiality" "the way of mind" but adheres to the moral practical access of the subject that recognizes the object of benevolence inward,which is the main reason that subjectivity access is created.While,Zhang Shi doesn't completely inherit and Hu Hong's thought.He also absorbs Zhu Xi's thought that recognition and cultivation go hand in hand in their argumentation,which emphasizes that the cultivation should be attached greater importance to while the object of the benevolence is recognized.As can be seen,Zhang Shi establishes his own thought system based on the inheritence of subjectivity access advocated by Hu Hong and the selection of self-cultivation theory proposed by Zhu Xi,which is the characteristics and meaning of Zhang Shi's thought.For one thing,Zhang Shi inherits the moral practical access of the subject advocated by Hu Hong,showcasing that his thought fundamentally differs from the Zhu Xi's"benevolence doctrine" argumentation;for another thing,his selection for self-cultivation theory proposed by Zhu Xi itself promotes the development of Hu Hong's thought.Therefore,The unique form of Zhang Shi's benevolence thought supplements and promotes the development of Huxiang School.Meanwhile,it also vigorously enhances the formation of Zhu Xi's thought of benevolence,which has reference significance to the other schools in Southern Song Dynasty.