| Loan word is an important part of one national language vocabulary,is a special group in vocabulary system and is one of the key points and difficulties of lexicology study.At the end of Qing dynasty and beginning of Republic of China,development of western learning spreading to the east is deepening and a lot of loan words have been brought to Chinese vocabulary system,in which the translation of civil transportation tools has great influence at that moment.This paper tries to collect and sort out Chinese literatures with big influence at the time,takes the names of civil transportation tools as research objects,analyzes the progress of names of transportation tools entering into Chinese vocabulary system deeply with adoption of quantitative and qualitative,diachronic and synchronic research methods and then explores the general mode of Chinese vocabulary development.This paper mainly consists of six parts:The first part is introduction.It mainly introduces the background,basis and research significance of selected topic as well as current research situation and achievements for the study of loan words of civil transportation tools both at home and abroad.In the following,it defines important concepts as well as literature range and time range of this paper.Finally,it explains the research contents and research methods of this paper.The second part defines the names of civil transportation tools at the end of Qing Dynasty and at the beginning of Ming Dynasty,makes classifications and statistics for the names of civil transportation tools in modern times and presents their overview to clarify the research object of this paper.The third part makes synchronic description for boat transportation tools from aspects of translation method,syllable type and type of morphology etc and summarizes their external characteristics in general on the basis of making definitions for the names of transportation tools at the end of Qing Dynasty and beginning of Republic of China.The fourth part divides civil transportation tools of vehicle into four parts of firewheel vehicles,bicycles,trolleys and cars;makes synchronic description from aspects of translation method,syllable type and type of morphology etc.The fifth part explores the pronunciation,vocabulary and grammar characteristics presented by the names of civil transportation tools.It analyzes the reasons deeply based on above characteristics.The sixth part mainly investigates the development situation of civil transportation tool names at the end of Qing Dynasty and beginning of Republic of China from diachronic level,checks the survival situation of each name with reference to dictionary and then explores the Chinese laws of loan words on this basis.In the following,it proposes the influence and enlightenment of names of civil transportation tools for modern Chinese. |
