A Study Of Transliteration Forms Of Ba Sentences In A Dream Of Red Mansions

The semantic relationship of the "Ba" construction is very rich, and its grammatical function is quite complicated. It is an indispensable part of Chinese. It has always been one of the focuses of modern Chinese grammar. This paper according to Guo Shenglin (2014) Rethinking on Subcategories of the "Ba" construction classifies all the "Ba" constructions of Honglomeng. Then from the perspective of semantic meaning of the "Ba" construction, also combines its syntactical forms,makes a detailed description and contrastive analysis for the "Ba" construction of Hongloumeng and its corresponding forms in Vietnammese, and also summarizes the characteristics of Vietnammese translation of the "Ba" construction.According to statistics, there are 1834 "Ba" constructions in Hongloumeng. They can be divided into 13 subcategories. According to the percentage of these subcategories,they can be summed up into three big categories: the core "Ba"construction, the relative core "Ba" construction and the periphery "Ba" construction.The core"Ba" construction has the largest proportion,with 67.88%, including 动趋式,复谓式,动结式,动宾式 and 动体式.The relative core"Ba" construction has the proportion of 23.67%, including 动介式,动量式and 状动式.The periphery"Ba" construction has the smallest proportion, with 8.45%, including 熟语式,动得式,唯动式,动副式and无动式.By contrasting the analysis of the"Ba" construction of Hongloumeng and their corresponding forms in Vietnammese,it is found that there are two kinds of Vietnamese statements: the unmarked sentences and the marked sentences. In the unmarked sentences, the word "Ba" is not translated, and the word order of the "Ba"construction is changed, and it generally can be translated into SVO, SVOC, SVOA forms. In the marked sentences, the word "Ba" is also not translated, but"den/cam/lam cho/lam" (equivalent to Chinese "拿/握/致使/使") and other marked words are commonly used, the word order of the translation can retain the word order of the "Ba" construction. There is a disparity between the marked and unmarked sentences,with 16.68% of the marked sentences and 83.32% of the unmarked sentences. This shows that the Vietnamese translation of the "Ba" construction generally do not use the word order like "Ba" construction and it should be changed into Vietnamese SVO order.The verb of the "Ba" construction of Hongloumeng commonly uses other components such as directional complement and resultative complement or prepositional phrase, object phrase and so on. There are 57.36% of the "Ba"construction translated into [ (S) + V + O + other components] structures. In addition,there is a considerable part (18.27%) of the "Ba" construction translated into [(S) + V+ O] structure, the change or result of the object does not need to be translated. In addition to these forms of translation, in order to emphasize the change of object or the result state, object of the "Ba" construction can also be used as subject in Vietnamese form. Object is followed by the predicate verb and other components. The"Ba"construction can be translated into [O+V+other components] structure (6.22%).For the marked sentences, there are three general situations. One is the use of"dem/cam/dung" (equivalent to Chinese "拿/握/用") to form verb phrases (13.25% ).The composition of the "Ba" construction in Vietnamese translation can still keep its order. In this case, the word order of Vietnamese statement corresponds with the word order of the "Ba" construction. The second case is the use of "lam cho/lam"(equivalent to Chinese "致使/使") (only 2.94%). This type of sentence generally indicates that the action of subject causes object to appear some sort of result or reach a certain degree. In addition, there is a small part of the "Ba" construction translated into a passive sentence by using "bi/duoe" (equivalent to Chinese"被") (0.49%).At the end, this paper combines the features of Vietnamese translation of the"Ba" construction in Hongloumeng giving some suggestions for the translation of the core "Ba" construction, the relative core "Ba" construction and the periphery "Ba"construction.