| Wang Chuanshan is one of the “Three Thinkers at the End of Ming Dynasty and the Beginning of Qing Dynasty”.Relying on the encyclopedic contribution,he has a position in the Confucianism’s explanation.“Pratyaksa(Xianliang)” theory is a representative and basic part which guides the practice in space-time,intuition and value of “Honesty”.The present study in the aesthetic side is not enough,so this paper tries to gain its connotations and aesthetic characteristics,get the final effects and evaluation.This paper can be divided into four parts:Introduction first points out “Pratyaksa” is a rare concept with originality.Coming from the “Hetu-vidya Learning”,it has new quality under the transformation;Secondly,the study in substantial dimension and extensional dimension marks the modern scholars’ insufficient discussion;Finally,the author points out the aesthetic study method with high coverage and cross searching nature has let the theory base on the Buddhism,Hu’ nan academics and get aesthetic effects with a nice connection.The first chapter arranges the relationship between “Pratyaksa” and the times.From the social level,section one shows the Ming and Qing dynasties,the economy and the multiple culture has affected it,making it can balance between politics and personality,pointing on seeking the truth,restoring the classical Confucianism basic properties;From the academic level,section two says it is a multiple product with interacting influence and enjoys in the Six Confucian Classics,assimilates possitive elements from Zhang Zai,ect.“Pratyaksa” has had a debate with other theories,so the disorderly dynasty and complex origin let it seek the truth,assimilate the nutrients as well as aim at the Confucianism and “Honesty”.The second chapter illustrates its connotations and characteristics.Section one basically refers to “The Sketch of Fahshiang School” : “Now” indicates beauty must start from the present,“Ready” says to rely on the intuition,“Real-appearing” means practice must follow the mode of “Honesty”.They influence interactly,so the beauty appears;Section two says the intuition of time and space has made rules for the conditions and the achievements of aesthetic experience with more distinction and freedom.“Honesty” shows the unity of things and I.The feelings appear accord with the harmony of its real,the ultimate purpose is to create beauty.The life rhythm of it derives from the tension which is released from the dialectical relationship,all factors match with the hidding and appearing “Qi”,heterogeneous power’ s shifting sets off together to construct the field of tension,so the beauty shows.It is not constrained by the old theory,but gives a constructive interpretation.The third chapter reviews the aesthetic effects of “Pratyaksa”.Section one lets it be located in internal basic role through comparing with other theories in Wang Chuanshan’ s system,besides,this part also put it into the history of aesthetics,showing out “Pratyaksa” has highly participatory and special academic vitality.Section two points out its instructional role in Wang Chuanshan’ s poetry criticism,speaks highly of “Honesty”.This article also tries to cast the concept into Wang Chuanshan’ s personal practice,acknowledging its guiding power while also finding the shortage of implementation capacity.Section three shows its effects throughout the paper,praises the special breakthrough for the exploration of ture beauty and egotistical features,but also points out its characteristics like the confounding with politics or ethic and the historical limitations like idealism or mysticism,in order to internalize the poetic intuition and search for the pure beauty.So it has become the bridge between life and aesthetics as a model for cultural communication and a leader for the reconstruction of China’s contemporary aesthetic system. |
