The Development Of Juvenile Jealousy And Its Relationship With Cooperative Behavior

In recent years,researchers have found that social comparison can lead to two different motivations about envy,on the one hand,some people long to gain superiority,and others hope to harm the position of a superior other.Therefore,more and more scholars according to the experience of envious motives and content and divided into benign envy and malicious envy.The development of envy and its mechanism have aroused the enthusiastic discussion of researchers in different fields,and this study aims to distinguish the development characteristics of different types of envy among adolescents and the influence on cooperation.Firstly,definition the meaning of envy at home and abroad.Then,the related research of envy and the research methods are described in detail,and the development of and the relationship between different types of envy.Conducted three studies,respectively,to explore the characteristics of the development of juvenile envy,benign envy and malicious envy on the impact of cooperative behavior.In the first study,161 participants from the grade 3 to 8 primary and middle school students for the first group.280 participants from the grade 4 to 8 primary and middle school students for the second group.In the first batch of group to collect envious situation story,the preparation of envious questionnaires,a total of 23 stories.In the second batch of group to verify,and ultimately determine the adolescent envious measurement questionnaire,and retention 16 stories.The results show that:(1)adolescent envy will occur in a variety of fields,such as academic,social and other fields,and those fields also involves a variety of envious reasons.Such as envy in academic performance,envy in terms of competition,envy of teacher’s praise.In the field of social envy,such as envy of friends are welcomed,envy of organizational ability.In other envious fields,such as envy of motor skills and envy of artistic expression.(2)The deserved and undeserved stories can lead to adolescent feel envious related emotions,indicating that envy stories can be used for envious measurement.(3)Indirect condition of envious measurement scores were significantly higher than the direct condition.Therefore,we will use indirect method in the second study.In the second study,475 participants from the grade 4 to 8 primary and middle school students for the third group.Using the envious stories questionnaires that drawn up in first study,and translated 8 examination items of benign envy andmalicious envy,the data show that the structure of benign envy and malicious envy is good.According to the degree of different types of envy,and explore the development characteristics of different types of adolescent envy.The results showed that:(1)There was no significant gender difference in the different type of envious degree,and the development trend was different with the growth of grade.The higher of the grade,the higher level of the envious degree in all areas.The highest of benign envy score in the 6th grade in all fields,then the higher the grade,benign envy score significantly decreased.The development of malicious envy did not show significant differences with the grade growth.Indicating that the sixth grade is a critical period of benign envy,and malicious envy is a relatively stable tendency.(2)Envy in primary school,junior middle school students also showed differences in different fields.At the primary stage,only was there a difference in the level of envy,and the level of academic envy and other envy were significantly higher than social envy.At the junior middle school,there were fields differences in the different type of envy,and the level of academic envy and social envy were significantly lower than other envy.Academic benign envy was significantly higher than social and other benign envy,but social and other malicious envy are significantly higher than academic malicious envy.Indicating that benign envy and malicious envy is not divided in the primary stage.However,junior middle school students want to work harder in the academic field to show outstanding performance when they feel academic envy,and want to envious objects lose their superiority when they feel social,sports and art envy.(3)The benign envy and malicious envy of junior middle school students exhibits a situation deservingness differences.In the fields of academic,social and other envy,the undeserved malicious envy significantly higher than the deserved malicious envy.In the field of academic and other envy,the undeserved benign envy significantly higher than the deserved benign envy.It is show that undeserved perceived is an important factor causing malicious envy.In the third study,exploring benign envy and malicious envy on the different effects of cooperation,the benign envy and malicious envy scores in the social deserved situation and undeserved situation are independent variable,the cooperation level in public goods game is the dependent variable.The results showed that,(1)In the deserved situation,the cooperation level of high malicious envy group is significantly lower than the low group;(2)In the undeserved situation,the cooperation level of high benign envy group is significantly higher than the low group,but the cooperation level of high malicious envy group is also significantly lower than the low group.The results found malicious envy destruct of cooperation and benign envy beneficial to cooperation in the undeserved situation.