A Brief Introduction To Poetry In The North Of Vietnam

Vietnam and Chinese are close neighbors and maintaining a close contact in politics and culture.After the Northern Song Dynasty,Vietnam became a vassal of China,regularly sent envoys who are proficient in poetry to pay tribute.Because China is in the north of Vietnam,so the Vietnamese envoys often claimed their mission as “northward”(Beishi),and the Chinese poetry they wrote during the during their mission were been called as “the northward poetry”.In the aspect of its content,“the northward poetry” has plentiful themes,including the landscape poetry,the nostalgic poetry,the poetry of expressing one’s thoughts and feelings,the antiphon poetry,etc.These poems not only reflect the Vietnamese envoys’ proficiency in writing Chinese poetry,but also reflect the social function of Chinese poetry in the ancient East Asian World.This paper mainly studies on the “the northward poetry” created in Vietnamese envoys’ visits to Ming and Qing Dynasties.Based on a general analysis of their contents,the author focuses on the landscape poetry and the antiphon poetry in order to understand their creative features and close relationships with Chinese literature and East Asian Chinese literature.Meanwhile,summing up the creation conception and the spread of northward poetry as a whole.This paper is divided into six parts:The introduction includes the purpose and the significance of the research,the research status,the definition of northward poetry and the research methods,aiming to sort out the research situation of “the northward poetry”The first chapter mainly discusses on the background of northward poetry,namely the exchange between China and Vietnam within the context of vassal relations.The second chapter mainly introduces the composition of Vietnamese envoys,and makes a statistical analysis of northward poetry and Yanxing note,summing up the main content of northward poetry.The third chapter focuses on the characteristics of the landscape poetry in northward poetry,and analyzes it’s close relationship with the Chinese poetry of related themes.Mainly focusing on the poetries about chanting snow,Wuxian rocky beach and eight-view sceneries,starting from the content and form of the landscape poetry to analyze the envoys’ acceptance and transformation of Chinese landscape culture.The fourth chapter starts with the antiphon characteristics of the northward poetry,and compares the antiphon poems of the Vietnamese envoys with the Chinese literati,officials,emperors and the Korean envoys,showing their thoughts and feelings with all walks of life in ancient East Asian as well as the important social functions and significance of Chinese poetry.The fifth chapter mainly discusses the creation conceptions,spread and influence of the northward poetry so as to reveal the value and influence of it.