A Comparative Study On The Combined Planting And Clearing Of Corn And Soybean In Cold Regions

The strip compound planting of maize and soybean is an important crop compound pattern,which is cultivated by changing the row ratios of maize and soybean in order to achieve the maximum economic benefit and realize the idea of nourishing the land.The purpose of this experiment is to study the strip compound planting of maize and soybean,which provides the technical support for the introduction of new cultivation patterns in the cold land,and provides the theoretical basis for exploring the mechanism of compound planting.The independent breeding maize variety Buluke Hanyu5,and the independent breeding soybean variety Kenfeng39 and Kenfeng40 were used to compare the effects of strip compound planting of maize and soybean and monoculture on the soil environment,agronomic traits,photosynthetic physiological characteristics,yield and economic benefit of two crops,by setting three planting density of maize,38750 plants/ha(Density 1),51667 plants/ha(Density 2),62000 plants/ha(Density 3)respectively.The following findings were revealed:1.The consumption rate of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the strip compound planting was lower than that in the monoculture of maize,than the pure soybean for the alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium consumption rate increased.2.The soil temperature of 15 cm and 20 cm showed a single-peaked curve,and the tasseling stage reached the maximum.The difference of soil temperature of strip compound planting was less than that of the monoculture,which slowed down the rate.From the seedling stage to the filling stage,the order of soil moisture was soybean monocultured>strip compound planting>maize monocultured,and have the maximum value in silking stage.3.The leaf area index of strip compound planting of maize was higher than that of maize monocultured,and the leaf area index of maize increased gradually with the increase of maize planting density.The growth rate of plant height of maize monocultured from the seedling stage to the tassel stage was higher than that of strip compound planting of maize,but not have regular changes in the differences in morphological index of soybean and stem of maize.4.In addition to the chlorophyll content,the photosynthetic physiological indexes of strip compound planting of maize were significantly higher than those of maize monocultured in the tasseling stage and filling stage.In contrast,the photosynthetic physiological indexes of strip compound planting soybean were significantly lower than those of soybean monocultured,and the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and chlorophyll content reached the significantly differences.5.The dry matter accumulation per plant of strip compound planting of maize was larger than that of maize monocultured.But the strip compound planting of soybean was less than that of soybean monocultured,and it reached the significantly differences in grain filling stage.6.The strip compound planting of maize and soybean significantly increased the spike length,panicle weight and 100-grain weight of maize,and extremely significantly reduced the spike length.With the increase of maize planting density,the spike length,panicle weight of maize decreased gradually.The number of main stem nodes,the grains per plant and the pods per plant of soybean monocultured were significantly higher than those of strip compound planting of maize.7.The population yield and economic benefit of the strip compound planting of maize and soybean is much higher than those of the monoculture.The strip compound planting of maize and soybean ingreatly improved the rate of land usage,which made the economic output maximized,and the strip compound planting38750 plant/ha(density 1)is the treatment.