Preliminary Genetic Analysis Of Soybean Dwarf Mutants And Study On Soybean Aging Seed Initiation Treatment

The plant height is one of the most important control factors of soybean ideal plant type, the study of plant height genetic mechanism of soybean has important theoretical and practical significance. Normally, plant height is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes with gene interaction. It is difficult for us to dissect genetic mechanism of plant heith through QTL mapping in a segregating population from a cross by two common varieties. Mutant obtained from artificial mutation or spontaneous mutation usually contains change at a single locus. Mutant can be used to dissect genetic mechanism of the plant height more effectively due to the simple genetic background. In this paper, the genetic stabilities of the four mutants(5053/6303/6697/6690) which were obtained by EMS mutagenesis were determined by phenotypic analysis for years. The results showed these four mutants had significant differences compared with their respective wild types in height, segment number and the length of nodes. The difference of oil and protein content between the four mutants was significant. The oil content of the 5053 strain was significantly lower than those of the other three strains. The protein content of the 6303 strain was significantly higher than those of the others. Plant heights and node numbers of 6303 and 6690 strains were similar bêtween two consecutive years, And the result of allelism test showed that the genes in these two mutants were likely to be allelic. Plant heights of 6697 and 5053 had a significant difference between two years, while node numbers of these two mutants were similar between two years. The genetic analysis showed that the dwarf phonotype was caused by one recessive gene mutation. Genetic background test was also carried out, and the results showed that no other genetic background was mixed. Dt1, Dt2 loci gene sequencing results showed that the gene in the four mutants were not new mutation, consistent with the results published mutation type..Priming of aged soybean seeds can improve the efficiency of aged soybean seeds geiminmation, it is of great significance for soybean germplasm conservation and agricultural production. Four kinds of chemical reagents including PEG, CaCl2, Al2(SO4)3 and KCl in different concentrations were used to improve the germination rates of natural aged soybean seed. The results showed that within a reasonable range of concentrations, the four reagents could increase the germination rates of natural aged JH13 soybean seeds especially 35% PEG and 4mmol/L Al2(SO4)3 possessing the most significant effects. These two reagents were further used to combinedly treat the natural aged seeds of Jihuang 13, Jidou 16 and Jidou 17. The results showed that the effect of combined treatment was better than individual treatment, and the treatment effect varied due to the soybean genotypes.