Spatial Characteristics And Decision-making Mechanism Of Daily Activities Of Urban Core Families

Travel behavior analysis method based on activity is put forth as a result of the deficiency of the four-stage method based on travel in the traditional traffic demand forecasting. According to this theory, making trip is a derived behavior of activities, and planners should consider the personal travel decisions with the activity-based background. With further research, domestic and foreign scholars have made some progress in research of the activity-based theory. Their research area also has gradually expanded to the analysis with family as the decision-making unit from individual activities and a series of activity theoretical models have been established to demonstrate that. However, most studies now only analyze the impact of external constraints on the residents' travel decisions, and have no in-depth analysis of spatial characteristics of family decision-making mechanism. Meanwhile, the existing researches treat the external constraints and the constraints of travelers as the same, ignoring the interaction between the various elements, which makes part of the research results not match the actual events and travel behaviors or decision-making. Therefore, on the basis of previous studies, this paper makes family the study unit and tries to put forward the analysis method for spatial characteristics of urban travel-activity system and constraint model. The main contents are as follows:First, this paper reviews the researches of mentalities, methods and models of the household-based activity-travel theory of urban residents at home and abroad. Then, it puts forward some concepts and measurement methods such as "A Two-Dim Trip chaining", "The Degree of activity-constraint" and "activity-constraint niche" These concepts were put into theoretical framework of the household-based activity-travel theory.Second, for in-depth analysis of various factors on the urban residents behavior decision-making mechanism, the influence factors were be divided into two kinds:the external-constraint factors and the personal-constraint factors. The measure methods of the personal-constraint were considered by time, space and personal constraint. With two-dim trip chaining as the tool to research the typical family members travel space characteristics, this paper discusses the interaction of behavioral decision form time coexistence, space coexistence and space-time coexistence.Third, the household constriction based decision-making process model of travel activity was established with the application of structural equation theory. According to the calibration results, the analysis method combining qualification and quantification was used for further analysis on the action mechanism of the travel activity decision-making process of male and female parents in working days and its constraining environment. The results showed that there were significant commonalities and differences existing between male and female parents in term of the mechanism of the travel activity decision-making process they adopted facing different constraining environments.