Preparation And Properties Of Non-woven Composite Thermal Insulation Materials

This paper firstly introduces present situation and development trend of thermal insulation field.Then based on analyzing thermal insulation mechanism as well as influence factors of fiber materials,a new type of composite nonwovens for thermal insulation with the structure of sandwich is designed and prepared.This new solution which utilizes thermal-bonded nonwovens as fluffy layer and ultra-fine fibrous nonwovens as barrier layer is aimed at reducing the weight of materials,increasing the comfort of materials and satisfying the demand of market under the guarantee of thermal insulation property.Cross-laid nonwovens and perpendicular-laid nonwovens are respectively adopted as fluffy layer in this thesis.Cross-laid nonwovens with area weight of 48g/m2 is prepared by the mixture of ultra-fine polyester fiber,three-dimensional crimp hollow polyester fiber and thermal-bonded fiber having respectively different fineness.The impact of different fineness and different mixture ratio on the properties of thermal-bonded nonwovens are analyzed.It's shown that thermal-bonded nonwovens made up of mixture ratio A(the mixture ratio of ultra-fine polyester fiber,three-dimensional crimp hollow polyester fiber and thermal-bonded fiber is 3:2:5)has the highest thermal insulation value under the same fiber fineness,whereas in the meantime,the compressibility and air-permeability decrease due to the increases in the proportion of ultra-fine polyester.Thermal-bonded nonwovens contained 20 percent(by weight)of ultra-fine polyester fiber shows better thermal insulation property as well as compressibility and air-permeability.Finally the sample A3B1 with the best comprehensive properties is chosen to composite with ultra-fine fibrous nonwovens.Ultra-fine fibrous nonwovens and perpendicular-laid nonwovens are composite to prepare a new type of composite nonwovens by using ultrasonic bonding technology.Meanwhile the influence of both composite construction and composite process on the properties of materials is analyzed.It turns out that composite nonwovens shows better thermal insulation property as well as air permeability when ultrafine fibrous nonwovens placed in the core layer.The results also show that composite process has significant influence on the thermal insulation property of nonwovens,the thermal insulation values show decreasing trend with the increases in composite density or the decreases in thickness of composite nonwovens.Therefore five different kinds of composite density are designed to optimize the composite process.Finally the sample A3B1 and ultra-fine fibrous nonwovens are composite to prepare a new type of light-weight composite nonwovens with weight of 144g/m2 and thermal insulation value of 1.80 clo by means of optimized process.With ultra-fine fibrous nonwovens placed in the core layer and thermal-bonded nonwovens placed in the surface layer,the thermal insulation value of composite nonwovens is equal to several types of Thinsulate(?).