| Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer(ETFE),as a fluorine-containing polymer that can be formed via the melt-spinning,not only exhibits the equivalent excellent resistance to strong acid and alkali,chemical corrosion and atmosphere aging and so on to polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE),but also possess thermoplastic and processing of polyethylene(PE).ETFE improves the processing technic of fluorine polymer to a great extent.Meanwhile,compared with other fluorine-containing copolymers,the transparent and lightweight are also its prominent features.The fundamental purpose of this paper is researched the properties and prepared process of ETFE fibers and fabrics.First,ETFE nascent fibers were trial-manufactured by melt spinning method using plunger type spinning machine.Later,nascent fibers were drew by electronic tensile testing machine in high temperature and studied different draw ratios how to influence structures and properties of fibers.Next,by means of improving process,the single-screw melt spinning machine that the back draft combined with it was used to prepared continued and unifonn ETFE filaments.And the impacts of technological parameters on structures and properties of filaments were researched.Finally,ETFE yarns were prepared by the homemade ETFE filaments via twisting and combining folded yarns technologies.Then semi-automatic loom was used to weave plain fabrics and evaluated the properties of fabrics.The results showed that:The melting temperature of different draw ratio fibers are all about 259 ℃.The breaking strength of fibers that draw 200%is 160 MPa or so,which is close to three times more than nascent fibers.The results of DMA and XRD indicate that when the stretch ratios increase to 200%,ETFE fibers’ Tg improved by 9℃.In the meantime,the degree of crystallinity and orientation improved by 10.2%and 5.5%respectively.Besides,the breaking strength of all kinds of fibers has no obvious change after disposing in 98%oil of vitriol,18%Sodium hydroxide/water solution,acetone and NaClO,which shows the excellent ability to resist chemical reagent.The four ETFE fibers were manufactured by single screw melt spinning machine in different drawing ratio and different drawing temperatures.It turned out that the biggest crystallinity and degree of orientation of four fibers are 41.1%and 83.3%respectively.And each fibers shared almost the equal melting temperature at around 257℃.The experimental results of strength test have demonstrated that the biggest breaking strength of four ETFE fibers was 1.12cN/dtex.Besides,the dry heat shrinkage rates of fibers drew at high temperature of 200℃ was 7%,when drawing temperature below 150℃,the dry heat shrinkage rates of ETFE fibers was only 1%.The biggest creep strain of ETFE fibers is 6%and the recovery ratio is at least 90%,when payload capacity is 20 percent of the breaking strength at room temperature.Moreover,the retention rates of breaking strength of ETFE fibers are at least 90%and about 60%respectively after being treated by decalin in 125 ℃ and irradiation of y ray with the doses of 300kGy.The width and thickness of as-prepared fabrics were about 300 mm and 0.397 mm,respectively.The gas permeability rate of ETFE fabric was 562.1 mm/s and the warmth retention rate was 6.77%.Moreover,29.8 MPa of warp-wise tensile strength,19.7 MPa of across-wise tensile strength and the equal level of wet-strength with dry-strength revealed a good mechanical property of ETFE fabric.The thermal shrinkage of ETFE fabric got an obvious improvement with no shrink below 150℃ and only 6%shrinkage at the temperature of 200 ℃ after heat setting,show a good temperature resistance.Moreover,mechanical properties of ETFE fabrics did not any deterioration after soaking in 98%oil of vitriol,18%Sodium hydroxide/water solution at the temperature of 90℃,respectively,showing excellent acid-or alkaline-resistant.As-prepared fabric is a great potential to be used in harsh environmental conditions. |
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