High Performance FDM 3D Printing Consumables Preparation And Performance Research

Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology,belonging to a rapid prototyping technology,is considered one of the core technologies of the third industrial revolution.The materials used for 3D printing is a key factor affecting the development and application of this technology.In this paper,polylactic acid(PLA)and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer(ABS)are the main research objects,aiming at their respective drawbacks in 3D printing,blending modification method was adopted to conquer these problems and make them more suitable for 3D printing.Specifically,according to the shortcomings of PLA and ABS,we select appropriate additives and content,such as toughening agent,nucleating agent,anti-hydrolysis agent,glass fiber and so on,combining twin/single screw blending and extruding technology to modify,the modified materials were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry,melt index,gel permeation chromatography,heat distortion temperature,mechanical properties,linear expansion coefficient,etc.,The modified filaments are tested on the suitability on the 3D printers to evaluate the modification effects and determine the modified formulation of the final product.As for PLA system,It was found that when 10 parts(Note: define the weight of PLA to100 parts,add the equivalent of 10% of the PLA weight,the same below))of reactive elastomer ethylene-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer(PTW)was added to modify it,PTW and PLA have good compatibility,the impact strength increase by 72.6%,and the mobility of PTW/PLA system is better,for 3D printing test,printing process is smooth,surface of print products is slippery and no burrs.At the same time,it was found that different printing directions had different effects on the linear expansion coefficient of the sample,and the horizontal(X)shape had a small linear expansion coefficient.The results of heat resistance experiment show that the crystallinity of PLA can be up to 9times that of pure PLA when 1.0 part of nucleating agent TMP3000 is added.This ismainly because the addition of nucleating agent can provide a large number of nuclei for the system,speed up the nucleation rate,and thus promote the entire crystallization rate.The results of the heat distortion temperature experiment show that the most improvement of thermal deformation temperature come from the PLA / 1.0 part nucleating agent system,the increase is about 8 ?.After the sample is subjected to constant temperature treatment,the thermal deformation temperature of PLA/1.0nucleating agent system can reach 129.3 ?.The tensile and impact properties of the modified PLA system with 1.0 part nucleating agent were improved.Because long-chain branch in the molecular chain is less,melt strength of PLA is particularly low,so the molding process can only be carried out in a very narrow temperature range.In this experiment,the PLA was modified by adding the new polymerized epoxy functional chain extender TMP6000 to improve its melt strength.The results show that the addition of chain extender has a certain influence on the molecular weight,crystallinity,melt strength,melt index,mechanical properties and printing performance of the system.Considering the overall thermal properties,crystallization properties,flow properties,melt Strength and mechanical properties,the best addition of chain extender TMP6000 is 0.2 parts.PLA chains contain ester bond,make it easy to hydrolyze.This experiment adapt anti-hydrolysis stabilizer TMP 2000 to solve this problem,The results show that TMP2000 anti-hydrolysis stabilizer could effectively inhibit the hydrolysis of PLA,and the best dosage is 1.0 part.Based on the study of toughening,nucleation,chain extension and hydrolysis resistance of polylactic acid,the optimal content of each modified system was determined.On the basis of the previous modification system,adjuvant and optimal ratio determine the final modified PLA formulation.The modified PLA filament is compared with several kinds of 3D printing PLA filament materials commonly used in the market.It is found that the modified PLA has higher tensile strength,crystallinity,heat resistance and hydrolysis resistance.Toughness is better than Esun filament,but compared to polymaker filament is still insufficient,all in all,it is a kind of 3D printing material with better comprehensive performance.As for ABS system,the study found that,in terms of tensile properties and shrinkage,an ABS system with 2 parts chopped glass fibers and an ABS system with blue masterbatch modified are more suitable for 3D printing.The printing speed has an effect on the tensile properties and shrinkage of the printed products.This is mainly because the interfacial temperature of the contact surface of the polymer filament,the effective bonding time and the bonding efficiency are important factors affecting the bonding strength of the contact surface.The optimal printing speed for the ABS system with 2 parts chopped glass fibers and ABS system with blue masterbatch is 50mm/s.