Morphological Studies Of The Far East, The Scorpion And The Scorpion

Morphology was determined for three species of Sorex isodon(n=49),Sorex gracillimus(n=18)and Crocidura lasiura(n=5)shrews from Heilongjiang,Northest China.Variation of its diet and habitat adaptability was for comparison.The anatomical method,the geometrical method and the scanning electron microscopy technique were used to detect the difference of the skull,digestive tract and hair between Sorex isodon and Crocidura lassiure belong to same family or genus.Research results:In the study of base morphology to measure the head-body length,tail length,foot length,ear length,body weight for the variable of based on the morphological.Crocidura lasiura's tail length was not the first half of the body length(49% of this study),but the tail length of Sorex isodon and Sorex gracillimuswere much longer than the length of the body(75% and 80% for this study).In the study of skull morphology,there were some differences between the 16 morphological indicators of the skull in different species.The profile length,maxillary breadth,cranial breath,least interorbital width,basal length,upper tooth row length,length of mandible not including the first incisor,length of mandibular tooth row not including first incisor,least interorbital width,coronoid process condyle length,anterior palatal breadth,posterior palatal breadth for the variable of the skull.There were significant differences in morphological indexes between different species(P<0.01).But least interorbital width,least distance across the maxillary plate parallel to the alveolar line height of the braincase,length of mandible including the first incisor,length of mandibular tooth row including first incisorfor the variable of the skull were not reach a significant level(P>0.05).The differences in the skull morphology of the shrews,Sorex isodon,Sorex gracillimus and Crocidura lasiura shrews were mainly from cranial breath,basal length,length of mandibular tooth row,not including the first incisor.The first two principal component analysis of Sorex isodon and Sorex gracillimus skull,fordorsal cranium,eigenvalues account for 70.35% and45.70%of the total variables;lateral cranium,eigenvalues account for 55.41% and 59.33%of the total variables;ventral cranium,eigenvalues account for 62.75% and 56.33%of the total variables;lateral mandible,eigenvalues account for 56.55% and 61.08%of the total variables.In the study of digestive tract morphology to measure the stomach,small intestine,large intestine,the length of the digestive tract,weight of the digestive tract for the variable of the digestive tract.The stomach length(F=3.476,P>0.05)and large intestine with contents heavy(F=1.642,P>0.05)were not variation for three species of threeshrews.The stomach with contents heavy(F=4.627,P<0.05)and small intestine with contents heavy(F=6.471,P<0.05),the length of the small intestine(F=9.862,P<0.01)and large intestine(F=4.784,P<0.05),however,did differ significantly between the shrews,and the genus variation on the length of the digestive tract(F=2.636,P<0.01)was significant larger than on the weight of the digestive tract(F=4.872,P<0.05).In the study of the tail hair ultrastructural morphology,the type of their scales was near the root petal type,Sorex isodon's near the root for the long flap type,but Sorex gracillimus and Crocidura lasiura's near the root for the wide flap type.the main body was miscellaneous,nearly a small part of the crown type.To measure the scale of near the root,the main body,nearly a small part for height and density with MB-Ruler,the results show that the scale height and density were significant differences.The height of the three species scales were significantly different(P<0.01),Crocidura lasiura's the scale density was significant differences,but Sorex isodonandSorexgracillimus' s scale density were not significant differences(P<0.05).