Research On New Time-Of-Use Power Price Reflecting Supply And Demand Relationship And Pricing Mechanism

Electric power industry is the basic and important industry of national economy and social development and also the public utility which is closely bound up with people's livelihood. In the new round of electricity reform, the requires of restoring energy product attribute and form the energy price mechanism dependent on the market are proposed, and electricity price is supposed to reflect the cost of power utilization, the situation of supply and demand in market, the degree of resource scarcity and spending on environmental protection reasonably. However, reform of the electricity system, never plain sailing or accomplished overnight, needs to find their way based on the actual situation of China's power industry.The structure of our nation's energy supply and demand varies in regions, tight in east but relaxed in west. With the development and application of a large number of distributed energy, electricity users transform from traditional single consumers into prosumers. Power side and the demand side have the characteristics of flexibility and diversity, which contributes to varying electric power supply and demand relationship by region and time. Differentiated electricity price policies are required, which reflect supply and demand, take provincial power grid or domain power grid as unit, provide different options for both supply and demand, in order to adapt to various power supply and demand market, optimize resource allocation, and achieve load shifting. Therefore, this paper focuses on the quantitative representation of the relationship between power supply and demand and new time-of-use power price reflecting supply and demand. The main work and research results are as follows.1. Expression method reflecting objectively supply and demand of the regional power grid, namely, Power Supply and Demand Index is studied and proposed. The related indicators which can quantify the relationship between electricity supply and demand are selected on account of the supply and demand problem in regional power grid. The larger the Power Supply and Demand Index is, the tighter the relationship of supply and demand is. Power Supply and Demand Index can indicate the current situation of electric power supply and demand and also lay a foundation of the formulation of electricity price reflecting supply and demand relationship. It has scientific, dynamic, sensitive, ntuitive and practical features.2. A new time-of-use power price model reflecting supply and demand relationship is built and its effectiveness is verified based on practical examples. The concept of sensitivity of price between supply and demand is introduced and analyzed and a new time-of-use power price model is established based on Power Supply and Demand Index. A new tou power price optimization model based on consumer response is proposed with the object functions of minimizing maximum load and maximizing minimum load. Based the typical day data of a regional grid, the new time-of-use price are calculated and analyzed, indicators before and after new tou power price was implemented are compared, which verify the validity of the model.3. Principles of new time-of-use power pricing mechanism reform are demonstrated: pricing mechanism reform should walk briskly by small step, and it should be carried out based on the pilot implementation; it should reflect the supply and demand relationship, and provide users with different power product options. In addition, the problem of the electricity price is analyzed and thinking of electricity price reform reflecting the relationship of power supply and demand in the generation side is discussed.