Research On Reform Of China Customs Regulating Function

Whether in supervision portfolio or in supervision contents, China Customs have undergone a dramatic transformation since reform and opening up. There is a steppingstone every year during the rise of supervision portfolio. The total volume of foreign trade under supervision annual rate of increase goes over 10% every year from 1980 to 2011. The growth slowed in 2012 and 2013, of which the increase rates are 6.2% and 7.9% respectively. Supervision contents also have developed from a single type to diversity. At the beginning of reform and opening up, China mainly exports raw materials, and develops to export primary products step by step. Up to now, China nearly exports all kinds of products and Made-in-China has been spread all over the world. The total foreign trade volume of 2013 reached 4.16 trillion dollar, composed by 2.21 trillion dollar of export and 1.95 trillion dollar of import.Keeping up with China's foreign trade economic development, China Customs have made changes in supervisory means and methods. By developing and using technology to response to a spate of rising business, recruiting and training highly qualified inter-disciplinary talent, China Customs well complete the supervisory tasks at last. The tariff increased year by year, making great contribution to our country's modernization construction. The orderly import and export environment provides a strong motivation and security to the steady development of the domestic economy. However, China Customs are also faced with many reform problems still to be solved. From the outside, the happening of international financial turmoil, the changing of international economic environment, the lagging of global economy growth, the rising of countries protectionism, and the intensifying of global economic competition make the government and the companies call China Customs for higher trade facilitation to enhance the competitiveness of domestic enterprises. From the customs itself, great achievements have been made after a series of reforms, while some institutional problems and contradictions occurred as well. For example, the contradiction between supervision and service, the contradiction from insufficient using of technology and the problems from the outdated customs clearance pattern, such as supervisory lacking, accountability redundancy and insufficient human resource, etc. All of these ask the customs for further reform, especially the reform in customs'basic functions, that is, the reform in supervisory function.China Customs' supervisory function reform needs to focus on these three points below. First, the relationship between supervision and service needs to be handled properly. The newly reformed supervisory function must make a good deal with the relationship between supervision and service. The good relationship between harmonious supervision and service is a need under the new situation of economic and social all-round development and a request from China Customs to promote the development of economy and service. This would request the customs to precisely understand the key points of tasks, identify the location, maintain balance between supervision and service, fairly dispose the business, improve the uniformity of law enforcing, serve local economic construction with sincerity and promote the development. Then, the supervisory pattern needs to be reformed. Reforming the supervisory pattern, forming supervisory synergy and improving the supervisory effectiveness are the inevitable requirement to construct modern customs and achieve customs' scientific development, the fundamental way to iron out numerous present issues, the inevitable choice to actively adapt to the new international and domestic situation and maintain the stable development of our foreign trade economy. The supervisory pattern reform is an important link in China Customs' supervisory function reforms. Its fundamental aim is to form supervisory synergy and improve the supervisory effectiveness. To achieve the supervisory aims, the supervisory pattern reform must focus on supervision mechanism, management philosophy, customs through pattern, and team qualities. Finally, the utilization level of science and technology needs to be developed to improve the supervision effectiveness. Today, as an important department in China Customs, the importance of technology is obvious to the customs' tasks. Technology can provide risk analysis and scientific decision to the early-stage preparations of customs supervision, improve the actual supervision ability, improve relationships between supervision and service and have become the guarantee of China Customs' supervisory function reform. To promote the utilization level of technology in China Customs, these four innovations should be reached. That is, concept innovation, talent innovation, system innovation, and equipment innovation.