Research On The Guidance About The Domestic Political Public Opinion In The Independent Review

The Independent Review is a representative publication of the "moderate faction" during the period of the Republic of China.It is the spiritual battlefield where Shih Hu and other liberal intellectuals served their country by their remarks.In that era with widespread battles,the majority of contributors of The Independent Review rushed to revive the country with their fearless and earthy hearts.However,it is worth thinking about that the "moderate faction" has disappeared into the long river of history eventually.This article selects the domestic political issues that accounts for the most of the political issues in The Independent Review from May 22,1932 to July 15,1937 by the documentary analysis method and the case study method,and borrows the concept of "the guidance of public opinion" which stemmed from the Communist Party's journalism to describe the main issues and their dominant approaches involved in domestic politics in The Independent Review.Meanwhile,this article also analyzes the internal motivations of these dominant approaches presenting a paradoxical and complicated feature,and the characteristics of content and the social influence about these dominant approaches.On the whole,the above research can alert the work of the guidance of public opinion of the present news media and make us have a more intensive understanding that it is scientific and necessary to implement the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.The thesis divides the public opinion about the domestic politics in The Independent Review into three categories to discuss the dominant guidance.The three categories correspond to the first three chapters of this thesis.In the first chapter,it is discussed that the sundry domestic affairs among the domestic political public opinions in The Independent Review.We can tease out six main opinions advocated by the comrades of The Independent Review about the aforesaid sundry domestic affairs.Six main opinions refers to:first,the road of saving the temporal country is profound introspection against Chinese deep-rooted bad habits and rapid march toward the direction of "modernization";second,it is necessary for remedying the countryside to implement"inactivity in governance";third,the means of national unity should progressively improve rather than militarily revolute;fourth,the path of national unity should establish a "central power" on the compromise of separatist forces;fifth,"democratic politics" should be the direction of national unity;sixth,the centralized mode of central regime must first uphold the principle of "adjustive division of power".The second chapter analyzes the issues related to the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in The Independent Review,and draws an opinion that the critics of Independent Review support but criticize the Kuomintang,and commiserate but doubt the Communist Party from the critics of The Independent Review.The third chapter investigates the opinions of the anti-Japanese issues in The Independence Review,and draws the conclusion that the main anti-Japanese attitudes of the comrades of The Independent Review should be divided into four stages:"compromising",taking a gradual tough stance,presenting a polarization between intransigencia and ambiguity,and advocating a sturdy resistance.The fourth chapter points out that the above-mentioned three types of the guidance of public opinion in The Independent Review present a feature that complexity and contradictoriness coexist,and the internal motivations behind the feature are three aspects:firstly,the power of public opinion revered by the comrades of The Independent Review is actually dependent on the government.Secondly,the "reformist explorations" of the comrades of The Independent Review are in contradiction with the trend of the times.Thirdly,the worldview of the comrades of The Independent Review is "metaphysical",so they see things as isolated,static and superficial,furthermore,only relying on intuitive experience about "democratic politics" does the comrades of The Independent Review judge things to be right or wrong.The fifth chapter,from the perspective of the editorial concept,analyzes the characteristics of the content which is proposed by the guidance of the public opinion of the domestic political issues in The Independent Review.There are three aspects:first,the spirit of "freedom of speech"-the free market of opinions is reflected on the controversies over domestic political issues in The Independent Review everywhere.Second,compared with the overall public sentiment of the time,the guidance of the public opinion of the domestic political issues in The Independent Review often presents a state of "advocating drastic criticisms in moderate opinions or advocating moderate opinions in drastic criticisms".Third,the spirit of "experientialism" runs through the editing and writing of the guidance of the public opinion about domestic politics in The Independent Review.The sixth chapter investigates the social influence of the guidance of the public opinion of domestic political issues in The Independent Review.From the articles and the "Editor's Postscript" in The Independent Review,we can understand the "independent spirit" which is contained in the guidance of the public opinion of domestic political issues in The Independent Review is well received by readers.Moreover,when the comrades of The Independent Review guided the public opinion,their comments was not catering to earthliness and remarking with a exciting and flatulent tone,which were heatedly debated at the time when opinions generally were used with the fiery rhetoric.Finally,the guidance of the public opinion of the comrades of The Independent Review attracted widespread attention in the Kuomintang,the Communist Party of China,Japan,and parts of Europe.Its social influence widely spread at home and abroad.