Research On Wireless Sensor Networks Routing Protocol Based On Ant Colony Optimization

Wireless sensor networks(Wireless Sensor Networks, WSNs) are sensor networks of a new generation, which are connected by a large number of sensor nodes to do information perception and collection through wireless network technology. WSNs can further be deployed in the environment which is not suitable for deployment of wired network environment, and they are widely used in many fields, such as military detection, natural disasters and so on.The energy of Wireless sensor network node is limited and is not easy to be added,and sensor nodes need to send the monitoring data to the sink node. If the network uses the sensor nodes to communicate directly with the base station, energy is consummated too fast due to the long distance data transmission between nodes; If the network uses multi hop transmission, the closer nodes will be premature dead due to excessive commitment. When some nodes in wireless sensor networks die, they cannot complete the task of monitoring the area. At the same time, with the application of wireless sensor networks in all areas of people's lives, the higher requirements of user's QoS performance of the network are put forward. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring a certain Qo S, achieving the network load balance and extending the overall life of the network become the focus of the current study. Based on this, this paper proposes a routing strategy based on ant colony optimization, which is based on the study of existing routing protocols:Firstly, according to the problem of data transmission in wireless sensor networks,a multi Qo S metric is proposed, which is used to evaluate the path quality, and to be used for multi path selection and update reverse pheromone. Aiming at the short network lifetime, an energy-saving routing strategy is proposed to reduce the overall energy consumption, and the mechanism of pheromone updating is optimized by using the negative feedback and energy balance to balance networks load. The multi Qo S improved ant colony algorithm is applied to the plane wireless sensor network architecture, and a load balancing routing protocol based on Qo S guarantee is proposed(QoS routing protocal based on ABMR,Q-ABMR).Secondly, according to the problem of increasing network size and short planar routing protocol in the network life, the clustering algorithm is introduced to dividenetwork into layers. A communication method is proposed to balance the load between common nodes and cluster head nodes. In response to a variety of business flows, the improved Q-ABMR algorithm is used to construct the inter cluster routing, and optimize the Qo S service quality of the network. The improved hierarchical ant colony algorithm is applied to wireless sensor networks, and a hierarchical routing protocol with load balancing(Cluster-based Qo S for services routing protocal based on ABMR,CQS-ABMR) is proposed.Finally, ubuntu12.04 is installed under the virtual machine, and network simulation are done by NS2.35. The simulation verification and comparative analysis of AODV(Ad Hoc on Demand Distance Vector), ABMR(Ant-based Multipath Routing Algorithm) ? Q-ABMR ? CQS-ABMR protocol are done in the sparse and dense simulation scenarios. Simulation results show that Q-ABMR in packet loss rate and packet delivery rate has certain promotion compared to ABMR and AODV at the expense of some energy balanced network load, and prolongs the lifetime of the whole network; CQS-ABMR ensures the Qo S performance of different business requirements,delays the dead time of first node. Compared to Q-ABMR, CQS-ABMR has higher convergence, and can be well suited to dense scene.